SEC Filing | Affirm Holdings, Inc.

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afrm-20260930

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2026


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from __________ to __________

Commission file number: 001-39888

Affirm Holdings, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Nevada									84-2224323
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)									(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

221 Main Street
Floor 6
San Francisco, California									94105
(Address of principal executive offices)									(Zip Code)

(415) 960-1518

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Class A common stock, par value $0.00001 per share

AFRM

The Nasdaq Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of October 30, 2026, the number of shares of the registrant’s Class A common stock outstanding was 298,484,548 and the number of shares of the registrant’s Class B common stock outstanding was 40,529,390.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS


						Page
Cover						1
Table of Contents						2
Part I - Financial Information						5
Item 1. Financial Statements						5
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)						5
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS, CONT. (Unaudited)						6
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)						7
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Unaudited)						8
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)						9
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS, CONT. (Unaudited)						10
1. Business Description						11
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies						11
3. Revenue						14
4. Loans Held for Investment and Allowance for Credit Losses						16
5. Balance Sheet Components						20
6. Leases						22
7. Commitments and Contingencies						23
8. Debt						26
9. Securitization and Variable Interest Entities						30
10. Investments						34
11. Derivative Financial Instruments						38
12. Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities						40
13. Stockholders’ Equity						49
14. Equity Incentive Plans						50
15. Income Taxes						53
16. Net Income per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders						54
17. Segment Information						54
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations						56
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk						74
Item 4. Controls and Procedures						76
Part II - Other Information						77
Item 1. Legal Proceedings						77
Item 1A. Risk Factors						77
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds						77
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities						77
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures						77
Item 5. Other Information						78
Item 6. Exhibits						79
Signatures						80

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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Form 10-Q”), as well as information included in oral statements or other written statements made or to be made by us, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements other than statements of historical fact contained in this Form 10-Q, including statements regarding our future results of operations and financial condition, business strategy, and plans and objectives of management regarding future operations, are forward-looking statements. In some cases, forward-looking statements may be identified by words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “design,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “potentially,” “predict,” “project,” “should,” “will,” “would,” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements concerning the following:

•our expectations regarding our future revenue, expenses, and other operating results and key operating metrics;

•our ability to attract new merchant partners and commerce platforms and grow our relationships with existing merchant partners and commerce platforms;

•our ability to compete successfully in a highly competitive and evolving industry;

•our ability to attract new consumers and retain and grow our relationships with our existing consumers;

•our expectations regarding the development, innovation, introduction of, and demand for, our promotions and products;

•our ability to successfully maintain our relationship with existing originating bank partners and card issuing bank partners and engage additional originating bank partners and card issuing bank partners;

•our ability to maintain, renew or replace our existing funding arrangements and build and grow new funding relationships;

•the impact of any of our funding sources becoming unwilling or unable to provide funding to us on terms acceptable to us, or at all;

•the plan for the establishment of Affirm Bank and the benefits and timing thereof;

•our ability to effectively price and score credit risk using our proprietary risk model;

•the performance of loans facilitated and originated through our platform;

•our ability to effectively use and provide AI-powered solutions;

•the future growth rate of our revenue and related key operating metrics;

•our ability to sustain profitability in the future;

•our ability, and the ability of our originating bank and other partners, to comply, and remain in compliance with, laws and regulations that currently apply or become applicable to our business or the businesses of such partners;

•our ability to protect our confidential, proprietary, or sensitive information;

•past and future acquisitions, investments, and other strategic investments;

•our ability to successfully expand into new international geographies;

•our ability to maintain, protect, and enhance our brand and intellectual property;

•litigation, investigations, regulatory inquiries, and proceedings;

•developments in our regulatory environment, including governmental actions to cap interest rates;

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•the impact of macroeconomic conditions on our business, including the impacts of persistent inflation, an elevated interest rate environment and corresponding elevated negotiated interest rate spreads, ongoing recessionary concerns, international conflicts, uncertainty relating to the magnitude, duration and impact of tariffs on global trade, and the potential impact of macroeconomic conditions on the stability of the consumers and financial institutions with whom we do business; and

•the size and growth rates of the markets in which we compete.

Forward-looking statements, including statements such as “we believe” and similar statements, are based on our management’s current beliefs, opinions and assumptions and on information currently available as of the date of this Form 10-Q. Such information may be limited or incomplete, and our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all potentially available relevant information. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including risks described in the section titled “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Form 10-Q and in our most recently filed Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2026 (the “Annual Report”). Other sections of this Form 10-Q may include additional factors that could harm our business and financial performance. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive, heavily regulated and rapidly changing environment. New risks emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for our management to predict all risks that we may face, nor can we assess the impact of all risks on our business or the extent to which any risk, or combination of risks, may cause our actual results to differ from those contained in, or implied by, any forward-looking statements.

You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable as of the date of this Form 10-Q, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance, achievements, events, outcomes, timing of results or circumstances. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements for any reason after the date of this Form 10-Q or to conform these statements to actual results or to changes in our expectations. You should read this Form 10-Q and the documents that we have filed as exhibits to this Form 10-Q with the understanding that our actual future results, levels of activity, performance, outcomes, achievements and timing of results or outcomes may be materially different from what we expect. We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements.

Investors and others should note that we may announce material business and financial information to our investors using our investor relations website (investors.affirm.com), our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), webcasts, press releases, conference calls, and social media. We use these mediums, including our website, to communicate with investors and the general public about our company, our products, and other issues. It is possible that the information that we make available on our website may be deemed to be material information. We therefore encourage investors and others interested in our Company to review the information that we make available on our website. The contents of our website are not incorporated into this filing. We have included our investor relations website address only as an inactive textual reference for convenience and do not intend it to be an active link to our website.

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Part I - Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements

AFFIRM HOLDINGS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except shares and per share amounts)


	September 30, 2026		June 30, 2026
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	2,072,399	$	1,630,038
Restricted cash	498,631		803,005
Securities available for sale at fair value	932,808		972,642
Loans held for sale	—		1
Loans held for investment	10,114,596		9,560,742
Allowance for credit losses	(636,124)		(563,295)
Loans held for investment, net	9,478,472		8,997,447
Accounts receivable, net	356,915		284,350
Property, equipment and software, net	691,350		685,834
Goodwill	525,343		524,452
Intangible assets	25,456		26,416
Commercial agreement assets	35,241		38,326
Deferred tax assets	1,433,080		1,467,036
Other assets	431,644		360,601
Total assets	$	16,481,340	$	15,790,148
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	83,247	$	84,647
Payable to third-party loan owners	164,847		199,557
Accrued interest payable	33,417		28,568
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	192,305		199,493
Convertible senior notes, net	1,130,556		1,129,581
Notes issued by securitization trusts	6,221,183		5,331,229
Funding debt	2,904,541		3,333,248
Total liabilities	10,730,096		10,306,324
Commitments and contingencies (Note 7)
Stockholders’ equity:
Class A common stock, par value $0.00001 per share: 3,030,000,000 shares authorized, 298,389,237 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2026; 3,030,000,000 shares authorized, 296,636,147 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2026	2		2
Class B common stock, par value $0.00001 per share: 140,000,000 shares authorized, 40,530,194 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2026; 140,000,000 shares authorized, 40,539,552 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2026	1		1
Additional paid in capital	6,745,341		6,647,214
Accumulated deficit	(962,859)		(1,127,025)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(31,241)		(36,368)
Total stockholders’ equity	5,751,244		5,483,824
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	16,481,340	$	15,790,148

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

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AFFIRM HOLDINGS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS, CONT.

(Unaudited)

(in thousands)

The following table presents the assets and liabilities of consolidated variable interest entities (“VIEs”), which are included in the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets above. The assets in the table below may only be used to settle obligations of consolidated VIEs and are in excess of those obligations. The liabilities in the table below include liabilities for which creditors do not have recourse to the general credit of the Company. Additionally, the assets and liabilities in the table below include third-party assets and liabilities of consolidated VIEs only and exclude intercompany balances that eliminate upon consolidation.


	September 30, 2026		June 30, 2026
Assets of consolidated VIEs, included in total assets above
Restricted cash	$	231,634	$	343,284
Loans held for investment	9,922,154		9,361,243
Allowance for credit losses	(586,740)		(529,895)
Loans held for investment, net	9,335,414		8,831,348
Accounts receivable, net	2,970		2,969
Other assets	5,951		3,009
Total assets of consolidated VIEs	$	9,575,969	$	9,180,610
Liabilities of consolidated VIEs, included in total liabilities above

Accrued interest payable	31,349		28,234
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	6,403		4,589
Notes issued by securitization trusts	6,221,183		5,331,229
Funding debt	2,902,378		3,328,963
Total liabilities of consolidated VIEs	9,161,313		8,693,016
Total net assets of consolidated VIEs	$	414,655	$	487,594

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

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AFFIRM HOLDINGS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)


	Three Months Ended September 30,
		2026		2025
Revenue
Merchant network revenue		$	296,928	$	251,147
Card network revenue		96,490		69,330
Total network revenue		393,418		320,477
Interest income		658,128		454,122
Gain on sales of loans		162,172		119,049
Servicing income		48,498		39,689
Total revenue, net		$	1,262,216	$	933,337
Operating expenses
Loss on loan purchase commitment		$	82,573	$	71,552
Provision for credit losses		259,357		162,752
Funding costs		134,373		110,027
Processing and servicing		168,808		133,807
Technology and data analytics		202,652		168,106
Sales and marketing		86,841		78,491
General and administrative		140,560		144,941

Total operating expenses		$	1,075,164	$	869,676
Operating income		$	187,052	$	63,661
Other income, net		18,000		19,358
Income before income taxes		$	205,052	$	83,019
Income tax expense		40,886		2,326
Net income		$	164,166	$	80,694
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Foreign currency translation adjustments		$	1,268	$	(10,003)
Unrealized gain (loss) on securities available for sale, net		(2,797)		812
Gain (loss) on cash flow hedges		6,656		(129)
Net other comprehensive income (loss)		$	5,127	$	(9,320)
Comprehensive income		$	169,294	$	71,373
Per share data:
Net income per share attributable to common stockholders for Class A and Class B
Basic		$	0.48	$	0.24
Diluted		$	0.47	$	0.23
Weighted average common shares outstanding
Basic		341,335,987		330,238,205
Diluted		351,783,888		348,278,403

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

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AFFIRM HOLDINGS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except share amounts)


	Common Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares (1)	Amount
Balance as of June 30, 2026	337,175,699	$	3	$	6,647,214	$	(1,127,025)	$	(36,368)	$	5,483,824
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options	760,851	—		12,075		—		—		12,075
Vesting of restricted stock units	982,881	—		—		—		—		—
Vesting of warrants for common stock	—	—		48,041		—		—		48,041
Stock-based compensation	—	—		85,116		—		—		85,116
Tax withholding on stock-based compensation	—	—		(47,105)		—		—		(47,105)
Foreign currency translation adjustments	—	—		—		—		1,268		1,268
Unrealized loss on securities available for sale	—	—		—		—		(2,797)		(2,797)
Gain on cash flow hedges	—	—		—		—		6,656		6,656
Net income	—	—		—		164,166		—		164,166
Balance as of September 30, 2026	338,919,431	$	3	$	6,745,341	$	(962,859)	$	(31,241)	$	5,751,244


	Common Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares (1)	Amount
Balance as of June 30, 2025	325,112,799	$	3	$	6,140,893	$	(3,056,818)	$	(15,069)	$	3,069,009
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options	3,020,789	—		94,828		—		—		94,828
Vesting of restricted stock units	1,914,916	—		—		—		—		—
Vesting of warrants for common stock	—	—		40,977		—		—		40,977
Stock-based compensation	—	—		138,738		—		—		138,738
Tax withholding on stock-based compensation	—	—		(116,041)		—		—		(116,041)
Foreign currency translation adjustments	—	—		—		—		(10,003)		(10,003)
Unrealized gain on securities available for sale	—	—		—		—		812		812
Loss on cash flow hedges	—	—		—		—		(129)		(129)
Net income	—	—		—		80,694		—		80,694
Balance as of September 30, 2025	330,048,504	$	3	$	6,299,395	$	(2,976,124)	$	(24,389)	$	3,298,885

(1)The share amounts listed above combine Class A and Class B stock.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

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AFFIRM HOLDINGS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

(in thousands)


	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2026		2025
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	$	164,166	$	80,694
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Provision for losses	259,357		162,752
Amortization of premiums and discounts on loans	(86,858)		(65,072)
Gain on sales of loans	(162,172)		(119,049)
Gain on extinguishment of debt	—		(1,495)
Changes in fair value of assets and liabilities	404		(110)
Amortization of commercial agreement assets	3,085		8,056
Amortization of debt issuance costs	8,058		6,828
Accrued interest on securities available for sale	(9,874)		(9,959)
Commercial agreement warrant expense	48,040		40,977
Stock-based compensation	55,702		85,853
Depreciation and amortization	86,810		65,329
Deferred income tax expense	33,968		1,990
Other	(7,974)		(4,930)
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Purchases and origination of loans held for sale	(578,231)		(749,202)
Proceeds from the sale of loans held for sale	577,776		748,761
Accounts receivable, net	(74,791)		138,862
Other assets	(61,764)		28,965
Accounts payable	(1,401)		(24,801)
Payable to third-party loan owners	(34,710)		(17,910)
Accrued interest payable	4,927		1,621
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	(17,442)		(3,586)
Net cash provided by operating activities	207,077		374,572
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchases and origination of loans held for investment	(13,792,617)		(9,797,362)
Proceeds from the sale of loans held for investment	5,834,184		4,282,839
Principal repayments and other loan servicing activity	7,486,203		5,359,253
Additions to property, equipment and software	(62,509)		(54,365)
Purchases of securities available for sale	(159,951)		(146,462)
Proceeds from maturities and repayments of securities available for sale	207,086		216,425
Other investing inflows	55		61
Other investing outflows	(1,548)		—
Net cash used in investing activities	(489,098)		(139,611)
Cash flows from financing activities

Proceeds from the issuance of funding debt	13,626,316		7,980,435
Proceeds from issuance of notes and certificates by securitization trust	1,650,000		1,100,000
Principal repayments of funding debt	(14,058,843)		(7,818,589)
Principal repayments of notes issued by securitization trust	(750,000)		(1,100,000)
Payment of debt issuance costs	(15,666)		(9,466)
Extinguishment of convertible debt	—		(24,814)
Proceeds from exercise of common stock options and warrants and contributions to ESPP	12,075		94,828

Taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards	(44,704)		(112,307)
Net cash provided by financing activities	419,179		110,086
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	829		(3,861)
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	137,987		341,187
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period	2,433,043		1,756,423
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	$	2,571,030	$	2,097,610

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

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AFFIRM HOLDINGS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS, CONT.

(Unaudited)

(in thousands)


	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2026		2025
Reconciliation to amounts on consolidated balance sheets (as of period end)
Cash and cash equivalents	$	2,072,399	$	1,428,848
Restricted cash	498,631		668,762
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	2,571,030	$	2,097,610


	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2026		2025
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information
Cash payments for interest expense	$	122,401	$	103,252
Cash paid for operating leases	1,529		4,253
Cash paid for income taxes	14,160		1,749
Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities
Stock-based compensation included in capitalized internal-use software	29,414		52,885

Right of use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities	1,982		—

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

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1. Business Description

Affirm Holdings, Inc. (“Affirm,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our”), headquartered in San Francisco, California, provides consumers with a simpler, more transparent, and flexible alternative to traditional payment options. Our mission is to deliver honest financial products that improve lives. Through our next-generation commerce platform, agreements with originating banks, and capital markets partners, we enable consumers to confidently pay for a purchase over time. When a consumer applies for a loan through our platform, the loan is underwritten using our proprietary risk model, and once approved, the consumer selects their preferred repayment option. Loans are directly originated or funded and issued by our originating bank partners.

Merchants partner with us to transform the consumer shopping experience and to acquire and convert consumers more effectively through our frictionless payment network. Consumers get the flexibility to buy now and make simple regular payments for their purchases and merchants see increased average order value, repeat purchase rates, and an overall more satisfied consumer base. Unlike legacy payment options and our competitors’ product offerings, which charge deferred or compounding interest and unexpected costs, we disclose up-front to consumers exactly what they will owe — no hidden fees, no deferred interest, no penalties.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”), as contained in the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”), disclosure requirements for interim financial information, and the requirements of Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2026. The balance sheet as of June 30, 2026 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date. Management believes these interim condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, including those of a normal and recurring nature, which are necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods presented. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year or any other interim period.

Our interim condensed financial statements have been prepared on a consolidated basis. Under this basis of presentation, our financial statements consolidate all wholly owned subsidiaries and variable interest entities (“VIEs”), in which we have a controlling financial interest. These include various business trust entities and limited partnerships established to enter into warehouse credit agreements with certain lenders for funding debt facilities and certain asset-backed securitization transactions. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Within the interim condensed consolidated financial statements and tables presented in the accompanying notes, certain columns and rows may not sum due to the use of rounded numbers for disclosure purposes. Prior period deferred tax amounts have been reclassified out of other assets to conform to the current period presentation as a separate line item on the interim condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. There was no effect on cash flows from operating activities.

Our VIE variable interests arise from contractual, ownership, or other monetary interests in the entity, which changes with fluctuations in the fair value of the entity’s net assets. We consolidate a VIE when we are deemed to be the primary beneficiary. We assess whether or not we are the primary beneficiary of a VIE on an ongoing basis.

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Use of Estimates

The preparation of interim condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the use of estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the interim condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change relate to determination of the allowance for credit losses, capitalized internal-use software development costs, valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, loss on loan purchase commitment, discount on directly originated loans, the evaluation for impairment of intangible assets and goodwill, the fair value of available for sale debt securities including retained interests in our securitization trusts and residual interest in structured transactions, the fair value of risk sharing arrangements, and stock-based compensation. We base our estimates on historical experience, current events, and other factors we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. To the extent that there are material differences between these estimates and actual results, our financial condition or operating results will be materially affected.

These estimates are based on information available as of the date of the interim condensed consolidated financial statements; therefore, actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

Significant Accounting Policies

There were no material changes to our significant accounting policies as disclosed in Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2026, which was filed with the SEC on August 27, 2026.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

Debt with Conversion and Other Options

In November 2024, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2024-04, “Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20): Induced Conversions of Convertible Debt Instruments”. The new guidance clarifies the requirements for determining whether certain settlements of convertible debt should be accounted for as an induced conversion. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025 and interim periods within those annual reporting periods, and should be applied on a prospective basis, although retrospective application is permitted. The Company adopted the new standard effective September 30, 2026 on a prospective basis. The adoption of this standard did not have any impact on the Company’s interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets

In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05, “Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets”. The new guidance introduces a practical expedient for estimating expected credit losses on current accounts receivable and current contract assets arising from transactions accounted for under Topic 606. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025 and interim periods within those annual reporting periods, and should be applied on a prospective basis. The Company adopted the new standard effective September 30, 2026 on a prospective basis. We have elected the practical expedient to assume that current conditions as of the balance sheet date do not change for the remaining life of the receivables from contracts with customers. The adoption of this standard did not have any impact on the Company’s interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

Reporting Comprehensive Income

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, “Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses”. Subsequent to the issuance of ASU 2024-03, the FASB issued ASU 2025-01 to clarify the effective date of ASU 2024-03. The new guidance requires disclosure, in the notes to the financial statements, specified information about certain income statement costs and expenses for each interim and annual reporting period. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, and should be applied on a prospective basis, although retrospective application is permitted. Early adoption is permitted. We are in the process of evaluating the impact of adopting this accounting standard update on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

Internal-Use Software

In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, “Intangibles—Goodwill and Other— Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software”. The new guidance primarily changes the software cost capitalization criteria and modifies the website development cost guidance. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027 and interim periods within those annual reporting periods, and may be applied on a prospective, modified transition, or retrospective basis approach. Early adoption is permitted. We are in the process of evaluating the impact of adopting this accounting standard update on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

Derivatives and Hedging

In November 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-09, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Hedge Accounting Improvements”. The new guidance is primarily intended to enable entities to achieve and maintain hedge accounting for a broader group of highly effective economic hedges. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim periods within those annual reporting periods, and should be applied on a prospective basis. The amendments may also be applied to hedging relationships existing as of the date of adoption. Early adoption is permitted. We are in the process of evaluating the impact of adopting this accounting standard update on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

Interim Reporting

In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-11, “Interim Reporting (Topic 270): Narrow-Scope Improvements”. The new guidance primarily clarifies the required interim disclosure requirements. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027 and interim periods within those annual reporting periods, and may be applied on either a prospective or retrospective basis. Early adoption is permitted. We are in the process of evaluating the impact of adopting this accounting standard update on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

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3. Revenue

The following table presents our revenue disaggregated by revenue source (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,
		2026		2025
Merchant network revenue		$	296,928	$	251,147
Card network revenue		96,490		69,330
Interest income		658,128		454,122
Gain on sales of loans		162,172		119,049
Servicing income		48,498		39,689
Total revenue, net		$	1,262,216	$	933,337

Merchant Network Revenue — Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Merchant network revenue primarily consists of merchant fees. Merchant partners (or integrated merchants) are generally charged a fee based on gross merchandise volume (“GMV”) processed through the Affirm platform. Merchant fees depend on the individual arrangement between us and each merchant and may vary based on the loan terms and the product offering. The fee is recognized at the point in time the merchant successfully confirms the transaction, which is when the terms of the executed merchant agreement are fulfilled.

Our contracts with merchants are defined at the transaction level and do not extend beyond the service already provided (i.e., each transaction represents a separate contract). The fees collected from merchants for each transaction are determined as a percentage of the value of the goods purchased by the consumer from merchants and consider a number of factors including the end consumer’s credit risk and financing term. We do not have any capitalized contract costs, and do not carry any material contract balances.

Our service comprises a single performance obligation to merchants to facilitate transactions with consumers. From time to time, we offer merchants incentives to promote our platform to their customers, such as fee reductions, rebates, or other prepaid incentives. These amounts are recorded as a reduction to merchant network revenue.

We may originate certain loans via our wholly-owned subsidiaries, with zero or below market interest rates. In these instances, the par value of the loans originated is in excess of the fair market value of such loans, resulting in a loss on loan origination, which we record as a reduction to merchant network revenue. In certain cases, the losses incurred on loans originated for a merchant may exceed the total merchant network revenue earned on those loans. We record the excess loss amounts as a sales and marketing expense.

A portion of merchant network revenue relates to affiliate network revenue, which is generated when a user makes a purchase on a merchant’s website after being directed from an advertisement on Affirm’s website or mobile application. We earn a fixed placement fee and/or commission determined as a percentage of the value of the goods purchased by the consumer from merchants. Revenue is recognized at the point in time when the performance obligation has been fulfilled, which is when the merchant successfully confirms the transaction. Affiliate network revenue was $33.4 million and $30.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

We reviewed merchant network revenue by merchant as a percentage of total revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025. There were no merchants that individually exceeded 10% of total revenue.

Card Network Revenue — Revenue from Contracts with Customers

We have agreements with card-issuing partners to facilitate the issuance of physical and virtual cards to be used by consumers at checkout. Prior to purchase, consumers can apply at Affirm.com or via the Affirm App and,

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upon approval, use a physical or virtual card to complete their purchase online or in-store. Eligible consumers can also use the Affirm Card, a card issued by a card-issuing partner to pay in full or pay later, by using a unique post-purchase feature that allows them to instantly apply for an installment loan for any eligible debit transaction. Where applicable, after the merchant confirms the transaction, we or our originating bank partner originates a loan to the consumer. The merchant is charged interchange fees for each successful card transaction, and a portion of this revenue is shared with us by our card-issuing partners.

Merchants may also elect to utilize our agreement with card-issuing partners as a means of integrating Affirm services. Similarly, for these arrangements with integrated merchants, the merchant is charged interchange fees for each successful card transaction and a portion of this revenue is shared with us. From time to time, we offer certain integrated merchants incentives to promote our platform to their customers, such as rebates of interchange fees incurred by the merchant. These amounts are recorded as a reduction of card network revenue.

Our contracts with our card-issuing partners are defined at the transaction level and do not extend beyond the service already provided. The revenue collected from card-issuing partners for each transaction are determined as a percentage of the interchange fees charged on transactions facilitated on the payment processor network, and revenue is recognized at the point in time the transaction is completed successfully. The amounts collected are presented in revenue, net of associated transaction-related processing fees paid to our card-issuing partners. We have concluded that the revenue collected does not give rise to a future material right because the pricing of each transaction does not depend on the volume of prior successful transactions. We do not have any capitalized contract costs, and do not carry any material contract balances.

Our service comprises a single performance obligation to the card-issuing partner to facilitate transactions with consumers.

A portion of card network revenue relates to incentive payments from card network partners, which we are eligible to receive for reaching certain cumulative volume targets on program cards issued by our card-issuing partners. We earn incentive revenue as a percentage of each associated transaction and estimate the applicable percentage based on observed cumulative volume on program cards. Revenue is recognized at the point in time when the performance obligation has been fulfilled, which is when the transaction is completed successfully.

Interest Income

Interest income consisted of the following components (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,
		2026		2025
Contractual interest income on unpaid principal balance		$	589,612	$	400,114
Amortization of discount on loans		94,059		71,316
Amortization of premiums on loans		(7,201)		(6,244)
Interest receivable charged-off, net of recoveries		(18,342)		(11,064)
Total interest income		$	658,128	$	454,122

We accrue interest income using the effective interest method, which includes the amortization of any discounts or premiums on loan receivables created upon the purchase of a loan from our originating bank partners or upon the origination of a loan. Interest income on a loan is accrued daily, based on the finance charge disclosed to the consumer, over the term of the loan based upon the principal outstanding. The accrual of interest on a loan is suspended if a formal dispute with the consumer involving either Affirm or the merchant of record is opened, or a loan is 120 days past due. Upon the resolution of a dispute with the consumer, the accrual of interest is resumed, and any interest that would have been earned during the disputed period is retroactively accrued. As of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026, the unpaid principal balance of loans held for investment on non-accrual status was $7.4 million and $7.3 million, respectively.

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A loan is charged-off in the period if the loan becomes 120 days past due or meets other charge-off policy requirements. Past due status is based on the contractual terms of the loans. Any previously accrued but uncollected interest receivable on these loans is also charged off. Subsequent recoveries of previously charged-off interest receivable, if any, are recognized in interest income.

Gain on Sales of Loans

We sell certain loans we originate or purchase from our originating bank partners directly to third-party investors or to securitizations. We recognize a gain or loss on sale of loans sold to third parties or to unconsolidated securitizations by calculating the difference between the proceeds received and the carrying value of the loan. This amount is adjusted for the initial recognition of any assets or liabilities incurred upon sale. These generally include a net servicing asset or liability in connection with our ongoing obligation to continue to service the loans and a liability in connection with our loan repurchase obligation for loans that do not meet certain contractual requirements and such information about the loan was unknown at the time of sale. Additionally, we recognize a risk sharing asset or liability in certain arrangements where payments are made or received based on the actual versus expected loan performance, as contractually agreed upon with the third party.

Refer to Note 9. Securitization and Variable Interest Entities for further discussion on transfers of loan receivables. Refer to Note 11. Derivative Financial Instruments and Note 12. Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities for further discussion of risk sharing arrangements.

Servicing Income

Servicing income includes contractual fees specified in our servicing agreements with third-party loan owners and unconsolidated securitizations that are earned from providing professional services to manage loan portfolios on their behalf. The servicing fee is calculated on a daily basis by multiplying a set fee percentage (as outlined in the executed agreements with third-party loan owners) by the outstanding loan principal balance. Servicing income also includes fair value adjustments for servicing assets and servicing liabilities.

4. Loans Held for Investment and Allowance for Credit Losses

Loans held for investment consisted of the following (in thousands):


	September 30, 2026		June 30, 2026
Unpaid principal balance	$	10,124,249	$	9,577,027
Accrued interest receivable	103,815		94,359
Premiums on loans held for investment	12,761		11,834
Less: Discount due to loss on loan purchase commitment	(87,094)		(87,263)
Less: Discount due to loss on directly originated loans	(39,135)		(35,214)

Total loans held for investment	$	10,114,596	$	9,560,742

Loans held for investment includes loans originated through our originating bank partners and directly originated loans. Loans that are underwritten using our technology platform and originated by our originating bank partners are later purchased by us. We purchased loans from our originating bank partners in the amount of $11.8 billion and $8.7 billion during the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. We directly originated $2.7 billion and $1.9 billion of loans during the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

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The following table details activity for the discount included in loans held for investment, for the periods indicated (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,
		2026		2025
Balance at the beginning of the period		$	122,477	$	102,680
Additions from loans purchased or originated, net of refunds		133,998		106,089
Amortization of discount		(94,059)		(71,316)
Unamortized discount released on loans sold		(36,270)		(30,773)
Impact of foreign currency translation		83		(370)
Balance at the end of the period		$	126,229	$	106,310

Our portfolio consists of interest bearing and non-interest bearing consumer loans with original term lengths of up to 60 months originated in markets including the U.S., U.K., Canada, and Australia, with the majority of loans originated within the U.S. While we view our loan portfolio as a single product segment, unsecured consumer loans, we consider factors such as country of origin, loan product, origination channel, merchant and various borrower characteristics to predict future losses.

We closely monitor the performance of our loan receivables to manage and evaluate our exposure to credit risk. Credit risk management begins with initial underwriting and continues through to full repayment of a loan. To assess a consumer who requests a loan, we use, among other indicators, internally developed risk models that leverage detailed information from external sources, such as credit bureaus where available, as well as the consumer’s prior repayment history on our platform. We evaluate the credit quality of our loan receivable based on the aging status of the loan.

The following tables present an aging analysis of the amortized cost basis excluding accrued interest receivable, by fiscal year of origination, of loans held for investment by delinquency status as of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026 (in thousands):


	September 30, 2026
	Amortized Cost Basis by Fiscal Year of Origination
	2027		2026		2025		2024		2023		Prior		Total
Current – 3 calendar days past due	$	4,831,305	$	4,318,204	$	231,592	$	32,267	$	3,197	$	172	$	9,416,737
4 – 29 calendar days past due	88,231		202,479		7,868		416		33		1		299,028
30 – 59 calendar days past due	26,700		93,375		4,046		140		15		—		124,276
60 – 89 calendar days past due	2,750		85,992		3,497		136		12		—		92,387
90 – 119 calendar days past due(1)	—		74,019		4,064		182		59		29		78,353
Total amortized cost basis	$	4,948,986	$	4,774,069	$	251,067	$	33,141	$	3,316	$	202	$	10,010,781

(1)Includes $78.3 million of loan receivables as of September 30, 2026 that are 90 days or more past due, but are not on non-accrual status.

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	June 30, 2026
	Amortized Cost Basis by Fiscal Year of Origination
	2026		2025		2024		2023		2022		Prior		Total
Current – 3 calendar days past due	$	8,524,557	$	401,908	$	44,161	$	7,050	$	252	$	27	$	8,977,955
4 – 29 calendar days past due	235,777		14,459		616		70		3		—		250,925
30 – 59 calendar days past due	87,890		7,826		252		26		1		—		95,995
60 – 89 calendar days past due	69,564		7,817		211		28		1		—		77,621
90 – 119 calendar days past due(1)	54,785		8,670		330		72		20		10		63,887
Total amortized cost basis	$	8,972,573	$	440,680	$	45,570	$	7,246	$	277	$	37	$	9,466,383

(1)Includes $63.8 million of loan receivables as of June 30, 2026 that are 90 days or more past due, but are not on non-accrual status.

The following table presents net charge-offs by fiscal year of origination as of September 30, 2026 (in thousands):


	September 30, 2026
	Net Charge-offs by Fiscal Year of Origination
	2027	2026	2025	2024	2023	Prior	Total
Current period charge-offs	(2,342)	(178,397)	(17,650)	(641)	(2)	(77)	(199,109)
Current period recoveries	60	7,516	7,452	3,261	1,372	634	20,295
Current period net charge-offs	(2,282)	(170,881)	(10,198)	2,620	1,370	557	(178,814)

We maintain an allowance for credit losses at a level sufficient to absorb expected credit losses based on evaluating known and inherent risks in our loan portfolio. The allowance for credit losses reflects our estimate of expected lifetime credit losses as of the balance sheet date. Our estimate considers the remaining contractual term of our loan portfolio, historical credit losses, consumer payment history and estimated recoveries. We also consider current economic conditions and evolving consumer behavioral patterns. Adjustments to the allowance for changes in our estimate of lifetime expected credit losses are recognized in earnings through the provision for credit losses presented within our interim condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. When available information confirms that specific loans or portions thereof are uncollectible, identified amounts are charged off against the allowance for credit losses. Loans are charged off in accordance with our charge-off policy, as the contractual principal becomes 120 days past due. Subsequent recoveries of the unpaid principal balance, if any, are credited to the allowance for credit losses.

The following table details activity in the allowance for credit losses, including charge-offs, recoveries and provision for loan losses (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,
		2026		2025
Balance at beginning of period		$	563,295	$	396,929
Provision for loan losses		251,643		156,404
Charge-offs		(199,109)		(144,595)
Recoveries of charged-off receivables		20,295		17,063
Balance at end of period		$	636,124	$	425,801

Loan Modifications for Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty

We have a loan modification program for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty if certain eligibility criteria are met. A loan is evaluated for modification program eligibility when a borrower self-reports financial

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hardship, either upon a borrower contacting us directly or upon us making contact with the borrower when a loan payment is past due. The objectives of the loan modification program are to offer borrowers assistance during times of financial stress and minimize losses.

We have two primary loan modification strategies: payment deferrals and loan re-amortization. A payment deferral provides the borrower relief by extending the due date for the next payment. While a borrower may obtain more than one deferral, the total deferral period may not exceed three months. A loan re-amortization provides the borrower relief by lowering monthly payments by extending the term length of the loan, capped at the lesser of twelve additional months or a total remaining term of twenty-four months. In addition, the total interest due from the consumer will not exceed the initial total interest due prior to modification, and a loan may not be re-amortized more than once.

The following tables present the amortized cost basis of loans excluding accrued interest receivable that were modified for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, by type of modification (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,
		2026			2025
Payment deferral		$	16,848		$	8,690
Loan re-amortization		242			149
Total		$	17,090		$	8,839
% of total loan receivables outstanding		0.17		%	0.12		%

With respect to borrowers who received payment deferrals during the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, the length of each deferral period was one month.

With respect to borrowers who received a loan re-amortization during the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, the payment amount was generally reduced by half and the term of the loan was extended between one month and twelve months.

During the modification process, the loans are made current, and payment schedules for these loans are updated according to the modified terms. We closely monitor the performance of loans that are modified for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of our modification efforts. We hold an allowance for credit losses for modified loans classified as held for investment. Our allowance estimate considers whether a loan has been modified, the delinquency status of the loan on the date of modification, and the increased likelihood that such loan may become delinquent or charge-off in the future.

The following tables present the delinquency status as of September 30, 2026 and 2025, by amortized cost basis excluding accrued interest receivable, of loan receivables that have been modified within the last 12 months where the borrower was experiencing financial difficulty at the time of modification (in thousands):


	September 30, 2026
	Payment Deferral		Loan Re-amortization		Total
Current – 3 calendar days past due	$	17,575	$	197	$	17,772
4 – 29 calendar days past due	3,891		76		3,967
30 – 59 calendar days past due	2,267		42		2,309
60 – 89 calendar days past due	1,912		37		1,949
90 – 119 calendar days past due	1,919		37		1,956
Total amortized cost basis	$	27,564	$	389	$	27,953

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	September 30, 2025
	Payment Deferral		Loan Re-amortization		Total
Current – 3 calendar days past due	$	8,827	$	133	$	8,960
4 – 29 calendar days past due	2,022		64		2,086
30 – 59 calendar days past due	1,146		22		1,168
60 – 89 calendar days past due	934		22		956
90 – 119 calendar days past due	858		15		873
Total amortized cost basis	$	13,787	$	256	$	14,043

With respect to modifications during the 12 months preceding September 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively, where the borrower was experiencing financial difficulty at the time of modification, the amortized cost basis of loans which have been charged off was $8.9 million and $5.1 million, respectively.

5. Balance Sheet Components

Accounts Receivable, net

Accounts receivable, net was $356.9 million and $284.4 million as of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026, respectively, which includes $97.1 million and $88.0 million of receivables from contracts with customers, respectively. Accounts receivable are subject to an allowance for credit losses which was $23.8 million and $22.7 million as of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026, respectively.

Property, Equipment and Software, net

Property, equipment and software, net consisted of the following (in thousands):


	September 30, 2026		June 30, 2026
Internally developed software	$	1,453,064	$	1,367,965
Leasehold improvements	19,195		17,525
Computer equipment	10,206		9,287
Furniture and equipment	7,883		7,717
Total property, equipment and software, at cost	$	1,490,348	$	1,402,494
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(798,998)		(716,659)
Total property, equipment and software, net	$	691,350	$	685,834

Depreciation and amortization expense on property, equipment and software was $85.8 million and $65.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

No impairment losses related to property, equipment and software were recorded during the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025.

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the three months ended September 30, 2026 were as follows (in thousands):


Balance as of June 30, 2026	$	524,452

Adjustments (1)	891
Balance as of September 30, 2026	$	525,343

(1)Adjustments to goodwill during the three months ended September 30, 2026 primarily pertained to foreign currency translation adjustments.

No impairment losses related to goodwill were recorded during the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025.

Intangible assets consisted of the following (in thousands):


	September 30, 2026
	Gross		Accumulated Amortization		Net		Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life (in years)
Merchant relationships	$	23,500	$	(10,500)	$	13,000	3.3
Developed technology	23,021		(23,021)		—		0.0
Assembled workforce	12,490		(12,490)		—		0.0

Trademarks, licenses and domains	12,106		—		12,106		Indefinite
Other intangibles	350		—		350		Indefinite
Total intangible assets	$	71,467	$	(46,011)	$	25,456


	June 30, 2026
	Gross		Accumulated Amortization		Net		Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life (in years)
Merchant relationships	$	23,500	$	(9,522)	$	13,978	3.6
Developed technology	23,021		(23,006)		15		0.3
Assembled workforce	12,490		(12,490)		—		0.0

Trademarks, licenses and domains	12,073		—		12,073		Indefinite
Other intangibles	350		—		350		Indefinite
Total intangible assets	$	71,434	$	(45,018)	$	26,416

No impairment losses related to intangible assets were recorded during the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025.

Commercial Agreement Assets

In fiscal year 2022, we granted warrants in connection with our commercial agreements with certain subsidiaries of Amazon.com, Inc. (“Amazon”) and recognized an asset of $133.5 million based on the grant date fair value of the warrants that were fully vested upon grant. The asset is amortized over the expected benefit period,

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which was extended from four to nine years in November 2025 upon the execution of a commercial agreement that superseded the prior agreement. For the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, we recognized amortization expense of $0.3 million and $5.2 million, respectively, in our interim condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income as a component of sales and marketing expense. As of September 30, 2026, the accumulated amortization is $129.2 million and the remaining net asset value is $4.3 million, which will be recognized over the remaining useful life of 4.3 years. Refer to Note 13. Stockholders’ Equity for further discussion of the warrants.

In fiscal year 2021, we granted warrants in exchange for the opportunity to acquire new merchant partners through a commercial agreement with Shopify Inc. (“Shopify”). We recognized an asset of $270.6 million based on the grant-date fair value of the vested warrants. We record amortization expense related to the commercial agreement asset in our interim condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income as a component of sales and marketing expense over the expected benefit period. For both the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, we recorded amortization expense related to the commercial agreement asset of $2.8 million. As of September 30, 2026, the accumulated amortization is $239.5 million and the remaining net asset value is $31.1 million, which will be recognized over the remaining useful life of 2.8 years. As of September 30, 2026, none of the warrants are outstanding.

Shopify is deemed to be a related party because they are a principal owner of more than ten percent of the Company’s voting interest. Under the commercial agreement, certain of our platform services are made available to eligible Shopify merchants. In the ordinary course of business, we incur fees in connection with transactions processed on the Shopify platform under the agreement.

Other Assets

Other assets consisted of the following (in thousands):


	September 30, 2026		June 30, 2026
Processing reserves	$	220,264	$	160,435
Prepaid expenses	72,337		47,864
Equity securities held at cost	40,396		40,396
Derivative instruments	33,904		34,151
Prepaid merchant incentives	29,352		31,589
Operating lease right-of-use assets	22,078		22,978
Prepaid payroll taxes for stock-based compensation	2,600		6,862
Other assets	10,713		16,328
Total other assets	$	431,644	$	360,601

Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities

Accrued expenses and other liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):


	September 30, 2026		June 30, 2026
Accrued expenses	$	94,143	$	118,744
Operating lease liability	28,336		29,187
Other liabilities	69,827		51,562
Total accrued expenses and other liabilities	$	192,305	$	199,493

6. Leases

We lease office space under operating leases with various expiration dates through 2034. We have the option to renew or extend our leases. Certain lease agreements include an option to terminate the lease with one year

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of prior written notice. As of September 30, 2026, we have not considered such provisions in the determination of the lease term, as it is not reasonably certain these options will be exercised. Leases have remaining terms that range from four years to eight years.

Several leases require us to obtain standby letters of credit, naming the lessor as a beneficiary. These letters of credit act as security for the faithful performance by us of all terms, covenants and conditions of the lease agreement. We are required to post collateral for the letters of credit in the form of cash or eligible securities. As of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026, the collateral totaled $1.2 million and $3.6 million, respectively, which was in the form of securities that have been classified as securities available for sale at fair value in the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets.

No impairment charge was incurred related to leases during the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025.

Operating lease expense is as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,
		2026	2025
Operating lease expense (1)		$1,514	$3,108

(1)Lease expenses for our short-term leases were immaterial for the periods presented.

Lease term and discount rate information are summarized as follows:


						September 30, 2026
Weighted average remaining lease term (in years)						6.2
Weighted average discount rate						6.4%

As of September 30, 2026, future minimum lease payments are as follows, by fiscal year (in thousands):


2027 (remaining nine months)	$	1,987
2028	5,261
2029	5,363
2030	5,554
2031	5,371
Thereafter	12,627
Total lease payments	36,163
Less imputed interest	(7,827)
Present value of total lease liabilities	$	28,336

7. Commitments and Contingencies

Loan Repurchase Obligations

Under the normal terms of our whole loan sales to third-party investors, we may become obligated to repurchase loans from investors in certain instances where a breach in representations and warranties is identified. Generally, a breach in representations and warranties could occur where a loan has been identified as subject to verified or suspected fraud, or in cases where a loan was serviced or originated in violation of Affirm’s guidelines. We would only experience a loss if the contractual repurchase price of the loan exceeds the fair value on the repurchase date. As of September 30, 2026, the aggregate outstanding balance of loans held by third-party investors

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or unconsolidated VIEs was $10.8 billion, of which we have recorded a repurchase liability of $7.6 million within accrued expenses and other liabilities in our interim condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we are subject to legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business. The results of such matters often cannot be predicted with certainty. In accordance with applicable accounting guidance, we establish an accrued liability for legal proceedings and claims when those matters present loss contingencies which are both probable and reasonably estimable.

Kusnier v. Affirm Holdings, Inc.

On December 8, 2022, plaintiff Mark Kusnier filed a putative class action lawsuit against Affirm, Max Levchin, and Michael Linford in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California (the “Kusnier action”). On May 5, 2023, plaintiffs Kusnier and Chris Meinsen filed their first amended complaint alleging that the defendants (i) caused Affirm to make materially false and/or misleading statements and/or failed to disclose that Affirm’s BNPL service facilitated excessive consumer debt (including with respect to certain for-profit educational institutions), regulatory arbitrage, and data harvesting; (ii) made false and/or misleading statements about certain public regulatory actions; and (iii) made false and/or misleading statements about whether Affirm’s business model was vulnerable to interest rate changes. On December 20, 2023, the Court granted Affirm’s motion to dismiss the first amended complaint with leave to amend. On January 19, 2024, plaintiffs filed their second amended complaint, which contained only the allegations from the first amended complaint relating to false and/or misleading statements about whether Affirm’s business model was vulnerable to interest rate changes. In light of the above, plaintiffs assert that Affirm violated Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder, and that Levchin and Linford violated Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act. Plaintiffs sought class certification, unspecified compensatory and punitive damages, and costs and expenses. Affirm filed its motion to dismiss the second amended complaint on February 2, 2024. On August 26, 2024, the Court granted Affirm’s motion to dismiss with leave to amend. On September 23, 2024, plaintiffs filed a motion for leave to file a motion for reconsideration of the Court's Order granting Affirm's motion to dismiss. On August 14, 2025, the Court resolved plaintiffs' motion in Affirm's favor. On September 30, 2025, the Court dismissed the action with prejudice. On October 29, 2025, plaintiffs filed a notice of appeal to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. Briefing on the appeal is complete and the parties are awaiting the scheduling of oral argument.

Quiroga v. Levchin, et al.

On March 29, 2023, plaintiff John Quiroga filed a shareholder derivative lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California (the “Quiroga action”) against Affirm, as a nominal defendant, and certain of Affirm’s current officers and directors as defendants based on allegations substantially similar to those in the Kusnier action at the time of filing. The Quiroga complaint purports to assert claims on Affirm’s behalf for contribution under the federal securities laws, breaches of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment, and waste of corporate assets, and seeks corporate reforms, unspecified damages and restitution, and fees and costs. On May 1, 2023, the action was stayed by agreement of the parties. The stay can be lifted at the request of either party or upon certain conditions relating to the resolution of the Kusnier action.

Jeffries v. Levchin, et al.

On May 24, 2023, plaintiff Sabrina Jeffries filed a shareholder derivative lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California (the “Jeffries action”) against Affirm, as a nominal defendant, and certain of Affirm's current officers and directors as defendants based on allegations substantially similar to those in the Kusnier and Quiroga actions at the time of filing. The Jeffries complaint purports to assert claims on Affirm's behalf for breach of fiduciary duties, making false statements under federal securities law, unjust enrichment, waste of corporate assets, and aiding and abetting breach of fiduciary duties, and seeks unspecified damages, equitable relief, and fees and costs. On August 15, 2023, the action was stayed by agreement of the parties. The stay can be lifted at the request of either party or upon certain conditions relating to the resolution of the Kusnier action.

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Vallieres v. Levchin, et al.

On September 14, 2023, plaintiff Michael Vallieres filed a shareholder derivative lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware against Affirm, as a nominal defendant, and certain of Affirm’s current officers and directors as defendants based on allegations substantially similar to those in the Kusnier, Quiroga, and Jeffries actions at the time of filing. The Vallieres complaint purports to assert claims on Affirm's behalf for breach of fiduciary duties, gross management, abuse of control, unjust enrichment, and contribution, and seeks unspecified damages, equitable relief, and fees and costs. On November 30, 2023, the case was stayed by agreement of the parties.

We have determined, based on current knowledge, that the aggregate amount or range of losses that are estimable with respect to our legal proceedings, including the matters described above, would not have a material adverse effect within our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Amounts accrued as of September 30, 2026 were not material. The ultimate outcome of legal proceedings involves judgments, estimates and inherent uncertainties, and cannot be predicted with certainty.

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8. Debt

Debt outstanding as of September 30, 2026 includes amounts classified within our interim condensed consolidated balance sheets as funding debt, notes issued by securitization trusts, and convertible senior notes, net. Secured debt includes borrowings from our warehouse facilities, variable funding notes, notes issued by securitization trusts and sale and repurchase agreements. Unsecured debt includes outstanding convertible senior notes and any borrowings on our unsecured revolving credit facility.

The following table summarizes the components and terms of our secured and unsecured debt as of September 30, 2026 (in thousands):


	Interest Rate (1)	Unused Commitment Fees	Maturity by Fiscal Year	Borrowing Capacity (2)		Debt Outstanding (3)		Debt Outstanding net of unamortized premiums and discount
Secured debt
Funding debt
US warehouse facilities	5.41%	0.20% - 0.50%	2028 - 2034	6,250,000		2,111,873		2,095,059
International warehouse facilities (4)	4.50%	0.30% - 0.95%	2029 - 2031	1,241,448		652,856		647,109
Variable funding notes	5.18%	0.30%	2032	1,350,000		161,434		159,795
Sales and repurchase agreements	6.79%	—	2029 - 2030	—		2,577		2,577
Notes issued by securitization trusts	4.96%	—	2033 - 2038	6,250,000		6,250,000		6,221,183
				$	15,091,448	$	9,178,740	$	9,125,724
Unsecured debt
Convertible senior notes:
2026 Notes	—	—	2027	—		221,321		221,255
2029 Notes	0.75%	—	2030	—		920,000		909,301
Revolving credit facility	—	0.15%	2029	675,000		—		—
				$	675,000	$	1,141,321	$	1,130,556
Total				$	15,766,448	$	10,320,061	$	10,256,280

(1)The stated interest rate reflects the fixed or variable interest rate in effect for each of our contractual arrangements as of September 30, 2026, weighted by the outstanding principal balance as of that date. The interest rate resets periodically for our variable rate debt, typically based on a reference rate such as Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”), Canadian Overnight Repo Rate Average (“CORRA”) or Sterling Overnight Index Average (“SONIA”), or an alternative rate based on the cost of funds for the lender, plus any applicable spread.

(2)Represents total revolving commitment amount, inclusive of debt outstanding as of September 30, 2026.

(3)Certain loans are pledged as collateral for borrowings in our secured debt facilities, except for our sales and repurchase agreements which are collateralized by securitization notes receivable and certificates retained by the Company and classified as securities available for sale at fair value. The carrying value of these pledged assets was $10.0 billion as of September 30, 2026.

(4)As of September 30, 2026, international facilities finance loan receivables originated in Canada and the U.K.

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Maturity by Fiscal Year

The aggregate future maturities of our funding debt, notes issued by securitization trusts and convertible notes consists of the following (in thousands):


	September 30, 2026
2027	$	221,321
2028	591,298
2029	811,868
2030	1,361,972
2031	181,014
Thereafter	7,152,588
Total	$	10,320,061
Deferred debt issuance costs	(63,781)
Total funding debt, net of deferred debt issuance costs	$	10,256,280

Funding Debt

Warehouse Credit Facilities

Through certain consolidated subsidiaries, which are typically trusts, we enter into secured borrowing arrangements with banks and other financial institutions. Through each of these subsidiaries we enter into a loan or credit and security agreement where we borrow against loans pledged as collateral. Financing terms, including the advance rate and financing spread, vary across these revolving facilities and generally depend on the types of collateral that may be pledged and respective concentration limits. We may continue to pledge new receivables to allow us to borrow up to the commitment amount throughout the revolving period for each facility. The length of the revolving period, the maximum amount we may borrow against pledged collateral balance during the revolving period, and the length of the amortization period prior to the maturity date varies across borrowing facilities depending on negotiated terms.

Borrowings under these agreements are classified as funding debt within our interim condensed consolidated balance sheets and proceeds from the borrowings can only be used for the purposes of funding loans. These borrowing facilities are bankruptcy-remote special-purpose vehicles in which creditors do not have recourse against the general credit of Affirm.

Our funding debt agreements contain certain customary negative covenants and financial covenants including maintaining certain levels of minimum liquidity, maximum leverage, and minimum tangible net worth. As of September 30, 2026, we were in compliance with all applicable covenants in the agreements.

Variable Funding Note

We entered into a syndicated revolving loan agreement through a securitization master trust which funds loans. In connection with the loan agreement, the master trust issued a variable funding note (“VFN”), where borrowings are secured by loan collateral sold to the master trust. Throughout the reinvestment period of the VFN, the master trust periodically issues asset-backed securities, where securitization note proceeds affect the level of utilization of the VFN. Outstanding borrowings under the VFN are classified as funding debt within our interim condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Sale and Repurchase Agreements

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notes pledged. We record the debt outstanding under our sale and repurchase agreements within our funding debt in the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Notes Issued by Securitization Trusts

We issue asset-backed securities through securitization trusts using a combination of term, amortizing, revolving and variable funding structures. Each trust may issue one or more classes of notes, which will be repaid through collections on the loans in accordance with the trust priority of payments. For consolidated securitization trusts, asset-backed notes held by third-party investors are classified as notes issued by securitization trusts within our interim condensed consolidated balance sheets. Refer to Note 9. Securitization and Variable Interest Entities for additional information.

Revolving Credit Facility

We have a Revolving Credit Agreement with a syndicate of banks for a $675.0 million unsecured revolving credit facility. Proceeds of the borrowings under this facility will be used for general corporate purposes in the ordinary course of business. This facility bears interest at a rate equal to, either (a) for SOFR borrowing, a SOFR rate determined by reference to the forward-looking term SOFR rate for the interest period, plus an applicable margin of 1.50% per annum or (b) for alternative base rate borrowings, a base rate determined by reference to the highest of (i) the federal funds rate plus 0.50% per annum, (ii) the rate last quoted by the Wall Street Journal as the U.S. prime rate and (iii) the one-month forward-looking term SOFR rate plus 1.00% per annum, in each case, plus an applicable margin of 0.50% per annum. The facility contains certain financial covenants which may result in an acceleration of the maturity if not maintained, and requires payment of a monthly unused commitment fee of 0.15% per annum on the undrawn balance available.

As of September 30, 2026, we were in compliance with all applicable covenants in the agreement. There were no borrowings outstanding under the facility as of September 30, 2026.

Convertible Senior Notes

As of September 30, 2026, we had outstanding: (i) $221.3 million aggregate principal amount of 0.00% convertible senior notes due November 15, 2026 (the “2026 Notes”) and (ii) $920.0 million aggregate principal amount of 0.75% convertible senior notes due December 15, 2029 (the “2029 Notes”), in each case unless earlier converted, redeemed or repurchased in accordance with their terms. No sinking fund is provided for either series.

The notes are convertible into shares of our Class A common stock under specified conditions. In each case, the conversion rate is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events, and, upon conversion, we may settle the conversion obligation in cash, shares of our Class A common stock, or a combination of cash and shares, as discussed below.

Upon conversion, we will pay cash up to the aggregate principal amount of the notes and may settle the remainder, if any, in cash, shares of our common stock, or a combination of both, at our election. The amount due upon conversion is based on a daily conversion value over a 40 trading day observation period.

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2029 Notes

The 2029 Notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 0.75% per year, payable semiannually in arrears on June 15 and December 15 of each year. Each $1,000 of principal of the 2029 Notes is initially convertible into 9.8992 shares of our common stock, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $101.02 per share. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain specified events set forth in the indenture governing the 2029 Notes (the “2029 Indenture”).

Holders may convert their 2029 Notes, at their option:

•At any time on or after September 15, 2029 until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date.

•Before that date, only if specified conditions are met, as follows:

1) if the last reported sale price of the Class A common stock is at least 130% of the conversion price for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading day period ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter;

2) during the five business day period following any five consecutive trading day period (the “2029 Notes measurement period”) in which the trading price (as defined in the 2029 Indenture) per $1,000 principal amount of the 2029 Notes is less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of our Class A common stock and the conversion rate for each trading day in the 2029 Notes measurement period;

3) if we call any or all of the notes for redemption, at any time before the close of business on the trading day immediately preceding the redemption date; or

4) upon the occurrence of certain specified corporate events.

We may redeem all or part of the 2029 Notes for cash on or after December 20, 2027 if the last reported sale price of our Class A common stock has been at least 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading day period ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date we provide notice of redemption. The redemption price equals 100% of the principal amount of the 2029 Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any.

If a fundamental change (as defined in the 2029 Indenture) occurs prior to the maturity date, holders of the 2029 Notes may require us to repurchase all or a portion of their notes for cash equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 2029 Notes, plus any accrued and unpaid interest. In addition, certain corporate events may require us to increase the conversion rate for holders who elect to convert their 2029 Notes in connection with such events.

2026 Notes

The 2026 Notes do not bear interest. Each $1,000 of principal of the 2026 Notes is initially convertible into 4.6371 shares of our common stock, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $215.65 per share. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain specified events set forth in the indenture governing the 2026 Notes (the “2026 Indenture”).

Holders may convert their 2026 Notes, at their option:

•At any time on or after August 15, 2026 until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date.

•Before that date, only if specified conditions are met, as follows:

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2) during the five business day period following any five consecutive trading day period (the “2026 Notes measurement period”) in which the trading price (as defined in the 2026 Indenture) per $1,000 principal amount of the 2026 Notes is less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of our Class A common stock and the conversion rate for each trading day in the 2026 Notes measurement period;

3) if we call any or all of the notes for redemption, at any time before the close of business on the trading day immediately preceding the redemption date; or

4) upon the occurrence of certain specified corporate events.

We may redeem all or part of the 2026 Notes for cash if the last reported sale price of our Class A common stock has been at least 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading day period ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date we provide notice of redemption. The redemption price equals 100% of the principal amount of the 2026 Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid special interest, if any.

If a fundamental change (as defined in the 2026 Indenture) occurs prior to the maturity date, holders of the 2026 Notes may require us to repurchase all or a portion of their notes for cash equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 2026 Notes, plus any accrued and unpaid interest. In addition, certain corporate events may require us to increase the conversion rate for holders who elect to convert their 2026 Notes in connection with such events.

The following table summarizes the interest expense recognized related to the convertible senior notes (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,
		2026		2025
Amortization of debt issuance costs (1)
2026 Notes		$	134	$	137
2029 Notes		841		841
Total amortization of debt issuance costs		$	975	$	977
Coupon interest expense (1) (2)		1,734		1,734
Total interest expenses related to the convertible notes		$	2,709	$	2,712

(1)Included in our interim condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income within other income, net.

(2)The coupon interest expense is related to the 2029 Notes.

9. Securitization and Variable Interest Entities

Consolidated VIEs

We consolidate VIEs when we are deemed to be the primary beneficiary. For the primary beneficiary evaluation, we consider whether we have both the power to direct the activities that most significantly affect the VIEs’ economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the VIEs. We consider both qualitative and quantitative factors regarding the nature, size and form of our involvement with the VIEs. We reevaluate whether we are the primary beneficiary of the VIEs on an ongoing basis.

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Warehouse Credit Facilities

We established certain entities, deemed to be VIEs, to enter into warehouse credit facilities for the purpose of purchasing loans from our originating bank partners and funding directly originated loans. Refer to Note 8. Debt for additional information. We retain the residual interest in each warehouse credit facility which absorbs the variability of the VIEs. The creditors of the VIEs have no recourse to the general credit of Affirm and the liabilities of the VIEs can only be settled by the respective VIEs’ assets. In addition to the retained residual interest, our continued involvement in the VIEs includes loan servicing responsibilities over the life of the underlying loans.

Securitizations

We finance the origination and purchase of loans through our asset-backed securitization program using a combination of term, amortizing, revolving and variable funding structures. In connection with our program, we sponsor and establish trusts (deemed to be VIEs) which issue securities collateralized by the loans we sell to the trust. Securities issued from our asset-backed securitizations are senior or subordinated, based on the waterfall criteria of loan payments to each security class. The subordinated residual interests issued from these transactions are first to absorb credit losses in accordance with the waterfall criteria. For these VIEs, the creditors have no recourse to the general credit of Affirm and the liabilities of the VIEs can only be settled by the respective VIEs’ assets. Additionally, the assets of the VIEs can be used only to settle obligations of the VIEs. For each securitization, the residual trust certificates represent the right to receive excess cash from the loan repayments each collection period after all fees and required distributions have been made to the note holders. In addition to the retained residual trust certificates, our continued involvement includes loan servicing responsibilities over the life of the underlying loans.

In assessing the primary beneficiary for both Warehouse Credit Facilities and Securitizations VIEs, through our role as the servicer, we have the power to direct the activities that most significantly affect the VIEs’ economic performance. In addition, through the retained residual interests, we have economic exposure to the pledged loans that could potentially be significant to the VIEs. We also earn a servicing fee which has a senior distribution priority in the payment waterfall. Servicing fees are considered variable interests when we also hold significant retained interests in the VIEs that would absorb losses or receive benefits that are more than insignificant. Therefore, we are the primary beneficiary.

Where we consolidate the VIEs, the loans held in the VIEs are included in loans held for investment within our interim condensed consolidated balance sheets. Outstanding borrowings from the Warehouse Credit Facilities VIEs and Variable Funding Note under the Securitizations VIE are recorded in funding debt within our interim condensed consolidated balance sheets. The notes sold to third-party investors by the Securitizations VIEs are recorded in notes issued by securitization trusts within the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The following tables present the aggregate carrying value of financial assets and liabilities from our involvement with consolidated VIEs (in thousands):


	September 30, 2026
	Assets		Liabilities		Net Assets
Warehouse credit facilities	$	3,137,453	$	2,764,637	$	372,815
Securitizations(1)	6,438,516		6,396,676		41,840
Total consolidated VIEs	$	9,575,969	$	9,161,313	$	414,655

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	June 30, 2026
	Assets		Liabilities		Net Assets
Warehouse credit facilities	$	3,314,826	$	2,993,480	$	321,346
Securitizations(1)	5,865,784		5,699,536		166,248
Total consolidated VIEs	$	9,180,610	$	8,693,016	$	487,594

(1)Liabilities include an outstanding balance of $159.8 million and $354.9 million on a VFN classified as funding debt as of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026, respectively, and asset-backed securities of $6.2 billion and $5.3 billion, respectively, classified as notes issued by securitization trusts.

Unconsolidated VIEs

We are involved with various unconsolidated VIEs, established for the purposes of securitization and forward flow arrangements. We retain economic exposure as variable interests in these unconsolidated VIEs, which consist of securitization notes receivable and certificates in unconsolidated trusts, residual interests in structured transactions, and risk sharing assets and liabilities. While we continue to be involved with the unconsolidated VIEs through our role as the servicer, we determined that we are not the primary beneficiary as of September 30, 2026. Factors we considered for this determination are that we hold an insignificant variable interest or that rights held by other variable interest holders convey power to direct the activities most significantly affecting the unconsolidated VIEs’ economic performance.

Securitization notes receivable and certificates in unconsolidated securitization trusts

We have investments in certain unconsolidated securitization trusts in the form of notes and certificates. These notes and certificates are considered variable interests that absorb a portion of the variability of the trusts. The principal and interest payments on these investments are dependent on the performance of the underlying loans held within each trust.

Residual interests in structured transactions

Under certain forward flow arrangements with third-party loan buyers, we hold a beneficial interest representing our right to receive a portion of the residual cash flows from the underlying loans sold in connection with the transaction. The loans are held in an unconsolidated VIE that has been established by the third-party loan buyers.

Risk sharing arrangements

Under certain other forward flow arrangements with third-party loan buyers, we have entered into risk sharing agreements where we may be required to make a payment to the loan buyer or are entitled to receive a payment from the loan buyer, depending on the actual versus expected loan performance as contractually agreed to with the counterparty, and subject to a cap based on a percentage of the principal balance of loans sold.

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The following information pertains to unconsolidated VIEs where we hold a variable interest but are not the primary beneficiary (in thousands):


	September 30, 2026				June 30, 2026
	Carrying Amount		Maximum Exposure to Losses(3)		Carrying Amount		Maximum Exposure to Losses(3)
Securitization notes receivable and certificates in unconsolidated securitization trusts (1)	$	47,791	$	48,665	$	68,358	$	69,607
Residual interests in structured transactions (1)	5,829		18,611		5,582		16,732
Risk sharing assets (2)	26,387		48,785		30,301		52,699

Total unconsolidated VIEs	$	80,007	$	116,061	$	104,242	$	139,039

(1)Presented within Securities available for sale at fair value

(2)Presented within Other assets

(3)Maximum exposure to losses represents our exposure through our continuing involvement as servicer, through our retained interests, and legal or contractual obligation.

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10. Investments

Cash and Cash Equivalents and Securities Available for Sale

Cash and cash equivalents and securities available for sale, at fair value, consist of the following as of each date presented within the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets (in thousands):


	September 30, 2026		June 30, 2026
Cash and cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	243,018	$	237,815
Certificates of deposit	6,096		—

Commercial paper	37,745		25,979
Government bonds - US	10,434		5,987
Securities available for sale:
Certificates of deposit	88,205		71,857
Corporate bonds	298,345		316,840
Commercial paper	221,620		197,114

Municipal bonds	5,090		8,655
Government bonds
Non-US	2,185		2,169
US (1)	257,762		296,344
Securitization notes receivable and certificates (2)	47,791		68,358
Residual interests in structured transactions	5,829		5,582
Other	5,981		5,723
Total marketable securities:	$	1,230,101	$	1,242,423

(1)As of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026, these securities include $102.0 million and $101.3 million, respectively, pledged as collateral in connection with our standby letters of credit for office leases and certain commercial agreements.

(2)These securities include $3.4 million and $5.6 million as of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026, respectively, pledged as collateral in connection with sale and repurchase agreements as discussed within Note 8. Debt.

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Securities Available for Sale, at Fair Value

The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, allowance for credit losses, and fair value of securities available for sale as of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026 were as follows (in thousands):


	September 30, 2026
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Allowance for Credit Losses		Fair Value
Certificates of deposit (1)	$	94,385	$	9	$	(93)	$	—	$	94,301
Corporate bonds	300,102		65		(1,822)		—		298,345
Commercial paper (1)	259,711		5		(351)		—		259,365

Municipal bonds	5,114		—		(24)		—		5,090
Government bonds
Non-US	2,191		—		(6)		—		2,185
US (1)(2)	269,666		1		(1,471)		—		268,196
Securitization notes receivable and certificates (3)	47,780		337		(74)		(252)		47,791
Residual interests in structured transactions	5,836		—		(7)		—		5,829
Other	5,000		981		—		—		5,981
Total securities available for sale	$	989,785	$	1,398	$	(3,848)	$	(252)	$	987,083


	June 30, 2026
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Allowance for Credit Losses		Fair Value
Certificates of deposit	$	71,905	$	5	$	(53)	$	—	$	71,857
Corporate bonds	317,417		127		(704)		—		316,840
Commercial paper (1)	223,276		7		(190)		—		223,093

Municipal bonds	8,664		2		(11)		—		8,655
Government bonds
Non-US	2,169		—		—		—		2,169
US (1)(2)	303,038		18		(725)		—		302,331
Securitization notes receivable and certificates (3)	68,322		333		(79)		(218)		68,358
Residual interests in structured transactions	4,946		636		—		—		5,582
Other	5,000		723		—		—		5,723
Total securities available for sale	$	1,004,737	$	1,851	$	(1,762)	$	(218)	$	1,004,608

(1)As of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026, Certificates of deposit, Commercial paper, and US government bonds included $54.3 million and $32.0 million, respectively, classified as cash and cash equivalents within the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(2)As of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026, these securities include $102.0 million and $101.3 million, respectively, pledged as collateral in connection with our standby letters of credit for office leases and certain commercial agreements.

(3)Approximately $3.4 million and $5.6 million as of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026, respectively, of these securities have been pledged as collateral in connection with sale and repurchase agreements discussed within Note 8. Debt.

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As of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026, there were no material reversals of prior period allowance for credit losses recognized for available for sale securities.

A summary of securities available for sale with unrealized losses for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded, aggregated by investment category and the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position as of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026, are as follows (in thousands):


	September 30, 2026
	Less than or equal to 1 year				Greater than 1 year				Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
Certificates of deposit	$	46,364	$	(93)	$	—	$	—	$	46,364	$	(93)
Corporate bonds	$	219,200	$	(1,822)	$	—	$	—	$	219,200	$	(1,822)
Commercial paper	215,044		(351)		—		—		215,044		(351)

Municipal bonds	5,090		(24)						5,090		(24)
Government bonds
Non-US	2,185		(6)		—		—		2,185		(6)
US	260,059		(1,471)		—		—		260,059		(1,471)
Securitization notes receivable and certificates	—		—		13,732		(24)		13,732		(24)
Total securities available for sale (1)	$	747,942	$	(3,767)	$	13,732	$	(24)	$	761,674	$	(3,791)


	June 30, 2026
	Less than or equal to 1 year				Greater than 1 year				Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
Certificates of deposit	$	45,011	$	(53)	$	—	$	—	$	45,011	$	(53)
Corporate bonds	200,787		(704)		—		—		200,787		(704)
Commercial paper	160,424		(190)		—		—		160,424		(190)

Municipal bonds	6,540		(11)		—		—		6,540		(11)
Government bonds
Non-US	2,169		—		—		—		2,169		—
US	273,527		(725)		—		—		273,527		(725)
Total securities available for sale (1)	$	688,458	$	(1,683)	$	—	$	—	$	688,458	$	(1,683)

(1)The number of securities with unrealized losses for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded totaled 212 and 181 as of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026, respectively.

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The length of time to contractual maturities of securities available for sale as of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026 were as follows (in thousands):


	September 30, 2026
	Within 1 year				Greater than 1 year, less than or equal to 5 years				Total
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Certificates of deposit (1)	$	94,385	$	94,301	$	—	$	—	$	94,385	$	94,301
Corporate bonds	157,054		156,765		143,048		141,580		300,102		298,345
Commercial paper (1)	259,711		259,365		—		—		259,711		259,365

Municipal bonds	5,114		5,090		—		—		5,114		5,090
Government bonds
Non-US	2,191		2,185		—		—		2,191		2,185
US (1)	190,972		190,538		78,694		77,658		269,666		268,196
Securitization notes receivable and certificates (2)	—		—		47,780		47,791		47,780		47,791
Residual interests in structured transactions	—		—		5,836		5,829		5,836		5,829
Other	5,000		5,981		—		—		5,000		5,981
Total securities available for sale	$	714,427	$	714,225	$	275,358	$	272,858	$	989,785	$	987,083


	June 30, 2026
	Within 1 year				Greater than 1 year, less than or equal to 5 years				Total
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Certificates of deposit	$	71,905	$	71,857	$	—	$	—	$	71,905	$	71,857
Corporate bonds	174,814		174,782		142,603		142,058		317,417		316,840
Commercial paper (1)	223,276		223,093		—		—		223,276		223,093

Municipal bonds	5,635		5,637		3,029		3,018		8,664		8,655
Government bonds
Non-US	2,169		2,169		—		—		2,169		2,169
US (1)	202,318		202,239		100,720		100,092		303,038		302,331
Securitization notes receivable and certificates (2)	—		—		68,322		68,358		68,322		68,358
Residual interests in structured transactions	—		—		4,946		5,582		4,946		5,582
Other	—		—		5,000		5,723		5,000		5,723
Total securities available for sale	$	680,117	$	679,777	$	324,620	$	324,831	$	1,004,737	$	1,004,608

(2)Based on weighted average life of expected cash flows as of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026.

Gross proceeds from matured or redeemed securities were $248.4 million and $230.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

For available for sale securities, no gains and losses were realized for the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025.

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Equity Securities Held at Cost

Equity security investments without a readily determinable fair value held at cost were $40.4 million as of both September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026, and are included in other assets within the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets.

We did not record any impairment during the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025.

For the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, there were no upward or downward adjustments due to observable changes in orderly transactions.

11. Derivative Financial Instruments

The following table summarizes the total fair value, including interest accruals, and outstanding notional amounts of derivative instruments as of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026 (in thousands):


	September 30, 2026						June 30, 2026
	Notional Amount		Derivative Assets		Derivative Liabilities		Notional Amount		Derivative Assets		Derivative Liabilities
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges
Interest rate contracts	$	500,000	$	1,476	$	97	$	1,000,000	$	840	$	4
Derivatives not designated as hedges
Interest rate contracts	878,706		6,041		25		626,978		3,009		61
Risk sharing arrangements	3,929,721		26,387		—		4,209,585		30,301		—
Total gross derivative assets/liabilities	$	5,308,427	$	33,904	$	122	$	5,836,564	$	34,150	$	65

The following table summarizes the impact of the cash flow hedges on Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (“AOCI”) (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,
		2026		2025
Balance at beginning of period		$	4,028	$	(1,419)
Changes in fair value		6,507		24
Amounts reclassified into earnings (1)		149		(153)
Balance at end of period (2)		$	10,684	$	(1,548)

(1)The amounts reclassified into earnings are presented in the interim condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income within funding costs.

(2)As of September 30, 2026, we estimated that $4.9 million of net derivative gains included in AOCI are expected to be reclassified into earnings within the next 12 months.

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The following table summarizes the recognized gains and losses related to the derivative instruments and indicates where within the interim condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income such impact is reported (in thousands):


	Location of gains (losses) where the effects of derivatives are recorded	Three Months Ended September 30,
			2026		2025
The effects of cash flow hedging
Interest rate contracts	Funding costs		$	(149)	$	153
The effects of derivatives not designated in hedging relationships
Interest rate contracts	Other income, net		3,027		(1,188)
Risk sharing arrangements	Gain on sales of loans		6,177		6,726

Refer to Note 12. Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities for additional information on our derivative instruments.

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12. Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities

Financial Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value

The following tables present information about our assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026 (in thousands):


	September 30, 2026
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	243,018	$	—	$	—	$	243,018
Certificates of deposit	—		6,096		—		6,096


Commercial paper	—		37,745		—		37,745
Government bonds- US	—		10,434		—		10,434
Securities, available for sale:
Certificates of deposit	—		88,205		—		88,205
Corporate bonds	—		298,345		—		298,345
Commercial paper	—		221,620		—		221,620

Municipal bonds	—		5,090		—		5,090
Government bonds:
Non-US	—		2,185		—		2,185
US	—		257,762		—		257,762
Securitization notes receivable and residual trust certificates	—		—		47,791		47,791
Residual interests in structured transactions	—		—		5,829		5,829
Other	2,396		—		5,981		8,377
Servicing assets	—		—		586		586
Interest rate derivatives	—		7,517		—		7,517
Risk sharing asset	—		—		26,387		26,387
Total assets	$	245,414	$	934,999	$	86,574	$	1,266,987
Liabilities:

Performance fee liability	—		—		2,601		2,601
Profit share liability	—		—		714		714

Interest rate derivatives	—		122		—		122
Total liabilities	$	—	$	122	$	3,315	$	3,437

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	June 30, 2026
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	237,815	$	—	$	—	$	237,815
Commercial paper	—		25,979		—		25,979
Government bonds - US	—		5,987		—		5,987
Securities, available for sale:
Certificates of deposit	—		71,857		—		71,857
Corporate bonds	—		316,840		—		316,840
Commercial paper	—		197,114		—		197,114

Municipal bonds	—		8,655		—		8,655
Government bonds:
Non-US	—		2,169		—		2,169
US	—		296,344		—		296,344
Securitization notes receivable and residual trust certificates	—		—		68,358		68,358
Residual interests in structured transactions	—		—		5,582		5,582
Other	773		—		5,723		6,496
Servicing assets	—		—		821		821
Interest rate derivatives	—		3,849		—		3,849
Risk sharing asset	—		—		30,301		30,301
Total assets	$	238,588	$	928,794	$	110,785	$	1,278,167
Liabilities:

Performance fee liability	—		—		2,459		2,459
Profit share liability	—		—		1,056		1,056

Interest rate derivatives	—		65		—		65
Total liabilities	$	—	$	65	$	3,515	$	3,580

As of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026, there were no transfers between levels.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Level 2)

Cash and Cash Equivalents and Securities Available for Sale

As of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026, we held level 2 debt securities classified as cash and cash equivalents and securities available for sale. Management obtains pricing from one or more third-party pricing services for the purpose of determining fair value. Whenever available, the fair value is based on quoted bid prices as of the end of the trading day. When quoted prices are not available, other methods may be utilized including evaluated prices provided by third-party pricing services.

Interest Rate Derivatives

As of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026, we used a combination of interest rate cap, swap, and collar agreements to manage interest costs and the risks associated with variable interest rates. These derivative instruments are classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy, and the fair value is estimated by using third-party pricing models, which contain certain assumptions based on readily observable market-based inputs. We

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validate the valuation output on a monthly basis. Refer to Note 11. Derivative Financial Instruments for further details on our derivative instruments.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)

We evaluate our assets and liabilities subject to fair value measurements on a recurring basis to determine the appropriate level at which to classify them each reporting period. Since our servicing assets and liabilities, performance fee liability, securitization notes and residual trust certificates, residual interests in structured transactions, profit share liability, and risk sharing arrangements do not trade in an active market with readily observable prices, we use significant unobservable inputs to measure fair value and have classified them as level 3 within the fair value hierarchy. This determination requires significant judgments to be made.

The following significant unobservable inputs, as applicable, were used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s Level 3 assets and liabilities:

•Adequate Compensation - The compensation rate is expressed as an annualized percentage of the outstanding loan balance that a willing market participant would require for servicing loans with similar characteristics.

•Discount Rate - The rate used to discount estimated future cash flows to present value in determining fair value. It reflects the rate of return market participants would require to compensate for time value of money plus a premium based on relative risk, liquidity and other market based factors.

•Default Rate - The estimated annualized rate of charge-offs affecting the projected unpaid principal balance of the loan portfolio.

•Loss Rate - The estimated lifetime rate of loan charge-offs, net of recoveries, as a percentage of the initial settled principal balance.

•Prepayment Rate - The estimated annualized excess loan payment received in a given month as a percentage of the outstanding principal balance at the beginning of the month minus the scheduled principal payment.

•Refund Rate - The rate of refunded transactions as a percentage of the outstanding loan balance over the remaining life of the loan portfolio.

•Program Profitability - The estimated future profit to be shared with enterprise partners as a percentage of total loans outstanding, based on the terms of the respective commercial agreements.

Significant increases or decreases in any of the inputs in isolation could result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement.

Servicing Assets and Liabilities

We sold loans with an unpaid principal balance of $6.3 billion and $4.9 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively, for which we retained servicing rights.

As of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026, we serviced loans which we sold with a remaining unpaid principal balance of $10.8 billion and $10.0 billion, respectively. We earned $48.5 million and $39.7 million of servicing income for the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

We use discounted cash flow models to arrive at an estimate of fair value. As of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026, the aggregate fair value of the servicing assets was measured at $0.6 million and $0.8 million, respectively, and presented within other assets in the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets. There were no servicing liabilities as of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026. For certain servicing agreements, the contractual servicing fee equals the adequate compensation assumption, resulting in a fair value of zero. There was no material

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activity related to servicing assets and liabilities, including both the initial recognition upon loan sales and subsequent changes in fair value, during the periods presented in our interim condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

Significant unobservable inputs used in our Level 3 fair value measurements of servicing assets and liabilities include default rates, discount rates, and adequate compensation assumptions. When the adequate compensation assumption is held constant, adverse changes in the default rate and discount rate assumptions are not expected to result in a material change to the fair values of servicing assets or liabilities. A hypothetical increase in the adequate compensation assumption of 10% or 20% would have the following impacts:

•As of September 30, 2026: The fair value of servicing assets would decrease by approximately $0.8 million and $1.6 million, respectively, resulting in the derecognition of the $0.6 million servicing asset and the recognition of servicing liabilities of approximately $0.2 million or $1.0 million, respectively. For the agreements currently measured at zero fair value, estimated servicing liabilities of approximately $7.3 million and $14.6 million, respectively, would be recognized.

•As of June 30, 2026: The fair value of servicing assets would decrease by approximately $1.3 million and $2.5 million, respectively, resulting in the derecognition of the $0.8 million servicing asset and the recognition of servicing liabilities of approximately $0.4 million or $1.7 million, respectively. For the agreements currently measured at zero fair value, estimated servicing liabilities of approximately $6.4 million and $12.8 million, respectively, would be recognized.

Performance Fee Liability

In accordance with our agreements with our originating bank partners, we pay a fee for each loan that is fully repaid by the consumer, due at the end of the period in which the loan is fully repaid. We recognize a liability upon the purchase of a loan for the expected future payment of the performance fee. This liability is measured using a discounted cash flow model and recorded at fair value and presented within accrued expenses and other liabilities in the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets. Any changes in the fair value of the liability are reflected in other income, net, in the interim condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

As of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026, the aggregate fair value of the performance fee liability was measured at $2.6 million and $2.5 million, respectively. Activity related to the performance fee liability, including initial recognition upon purchases of loans, settlements, and subsequent changes in fair value, was not material during the periods presented in our interim condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

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The following tables present quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs used for our Level 3 fair value measurement of the performance fee liability as of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026:


	September 30, 2026
Unobservable Input	Minimum	Maximum	Weighted Average (1)
Discount Rate	6.06%	10.00%	8.42%
Refund Rate	1.50%	1.50%	1.50%
Loss Rate	0.73%	4.65%	3.25%


	June 30, 2026
Unobservable Input	Minimum	Maximum	Weighted Average (1)
Discount Rate	6.06%	10.00%	8.53%
Refund Rate	1.50%	1.50%	1.50%
Loss Rate	0.73%	4.65%	3.21%

(1)Unobservable inputs were weighted by principal balances of loans subject to performance fees

Adverse changes in discount rate, refund rate, or loss rate assumptions are not expected to result in a material change in the fair value of the performance fee liability.

Securitization Notes Receivable and Residual Trust Certificates

We hold notes receivable and residual trust certificates in connection with unconsolidated securitizations. The balances correspond to the 5% economic risk retention we are required to maintain as the securitization sponsor.

These assets are measured at fair value using a discounted cash flow model, and presented within securities available for sale at fair value in the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets. Changes in the fair value, other than declines in fair value due to credit recognized as an allowance, are reflected in other comprehensive income in the interim condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. Declines in fair value due to credit are reflected in other income, net in the interim condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

The following table summarizes the activity related to the fair value of the notes receivable and residual trust certificates (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,
		2026		2025
Fair value at beginning of period		$	68,358	$	75,469

Cash received (due to payments)		(21,393)		(22,567)
Change in unrealized gain (loss)		8		(38)
Accrued interest		852		1,210
Reversal of (impairment on) securities available for sale		(34)		189
Fair value at end of period		$	47,791	$	54,263

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The following tables present quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs used for our Level 3 fair value measurement of the notes receivable and residual trust certificates as of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026:


	September 30, 2026
Unobservable Input	Minimum	Maximum	Weighted Average (2)
Discount Rate	2.58%	22.60%	5.12%
Default Rate(1)	6.33%	10.39%	9.71%
Prepayment Rate	15.77%	26.00%	22.61%


	June 30, 2026
Unobservable Input	Minimum	Maximum	Weighted Average (2)
Discount Rate	0.82%	22.60%	5.14%
Default Rate(1)	5.37%	9.98%	9.65%
Prepayment Rate	20.17%	26.52%	25.48%

(1)The cumulative loss relative to the outstanding balance as of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026

(2)Unobservable inputs were weighted by relative fair value

Significant unobservable inputs used in our Level 3 fair value measurements of notes receivable and residual trust certificates include default rates, discount rates, and prepayment rate assumptions. When the default rate assumption is held constant, adverse changes in the discount rate and prepayment rate assumptions are not expected to result in a material change to the fair values of the notes receivable and residual trust certificates. A hypothetical increase in the default rate assumption of 25% or 50% would have the following impacts:

•As of September 30, 2026: The fair value of notes receivable and residual trust certificates would decrease by approximately $2.3 million and $2.7 million, respectively.

•As of June 30, 2026: The fair value of notes receivable and residual trust certificates would decrease by approximately $2.8 million and $3.5 million, respectively.

Residual Interests in Structured Transactions

We hold residual interests in structured transactions in connection with certain forward flow loan sale transactions.

These assets are measured at fair value using a discounted cash flow model, and presented within securities available for sale at fair value in the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets. Changes in the fair value, except for credit impairments, are reflected in other comprehensive income in the interim condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

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The following table summarizes the activity related to the fair value of the assets (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,
		2026		2025
Fair value at beginning of period		$	5,582	$	2,284
Capital contribution		1,612		1,579
Cash distribution received		(1,072)		—
Accrued interest		349		—
Subsequent changes in fair value		(643)		154
Fair value at the end of period		5,829		4,017

Significant unobservable inputs used for our Level 3 fair value measurement of the residual interests are the discount rate, default rate, and prepayment rate. As of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026, the assumptions used in our discounted cash flow model were as follows: discount rate of 20.00% and 20.00%, default rate of 10.28% and 10.42%, and prepayment rate of 45.07% and 45.61%, respectively.

Adverse changes in discount rate, default rate, or prepayment rate assumptions are not expected to result in a material change in the fair value of residual interests in structured transactions.

Profit Share Liability

We have commercial agreements with certain enterprise partners, in which we are obligated to share in the profitability of transactions facilitated by our platform. Upon capture of a loan under these programs, we record a liability associated with the estimated future profit to be shared over the life of the loan based on estimated profitability levels of each program. The liability is measured using a discounted cash flow model and recorded at fair value and presented within accrued expenses and other liabilities in the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The following table summarizes the activity related to the fair value of the profit share liability (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,
		2026		2025
Fair value at beginning of period		$	1,056	$	9,323
Facilitation of loans		326		3,147
Actual performance		(1,138)		(5,096)
Subsequent changes in fair value		470		218
Fair value at end of period		$	714	$	7,592

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The following tables present quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs used for our Level 3 fair value measurement of the profit share liability as of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026:


	September 30, 2026
Unobservable Input	Minimum	Maximum	Weighted Average (1)
Discount Rate	30.00%	30.00%	30.00%
Program Profitability	0.89%	2.52%	2.49%


	June 30, 2026
Unobservable Input	Minimum	Maximum	Weighted Average (1)
Discount Rate	30.00%	30.00%	30.00%
Program Profitability	0.89%	2.43%	2.31%

(1)Unobservable inputs were weighted by relative fair value

Adverse changes in discount rate and program profitability assumptions are not expected to result in a material change in the fair value of profit share liability.

Risk Sharing Arrangements

In connection with certain capital funding arrangements with third-party loan buyers, we have entered into risk sharing agreements where we may be required to make a payment to the loan buyer or are entitled to receive a payment from the loan buyer, depending on the actual versus expected loan performance as contractually agreed to with the counterparty, and subject to a cap based on a percentage of the principal balance of loans sold. Loan performance is evaluated at a cohort level based on the month or quarter loans were sold.

We account for these arrangements as derivatives measured at fair value with gains and losses recognized in gain on sales of loans in our interim condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. For each counterparty, we have recognized a net asset or net liability based on the estimated fair value of future payments we expect to receive from or make to the counterparty. As of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026, we estimated the fair value of future settlements using a discounted cash flow model. There were no risk sharing liabilities as of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026.

The following table summarizes the activity related to the fair value of the risk sharing assets (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,
		2026		2025
Fair value at beginning of period		$	30,301	$	43,179
Initial transfers of financial assets		4,826		6,508
Settlements		(10,091)		(8,340)
Subsequent changes in fair value		1,351		218
Fair value at end of period		$	26,387	$	41,565

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The following tables present quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs used for our Level 3 fair value measurement of the risk sharing arrangements as of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026:


		September 30, 2026
	Unobservable Input	Minimum	Maximum	Weighted Average (1)
Risk sharing assets	Discount Rate	20.00%	20.00%	20.00%
	Loss Rate	3.35%	4.95%	4.22%


		June 30, 2026
	Unobservable Input	Minimum	Maximum	Weighted Average (1)
Risk sharing assets	Discount Rate	7.00%	20.00%	17.95%
	Loss Rate	3.35%	4.96%	4.16%
	Prepayment Rate	17.72%	22.13%	19.80%

(1)Unobservable inputs were weighted by principal balance of loans sold under each cohort

The following table summarizes the effect that adverse changes in estimates would have on the fair value of the risk sharing assets given hypothetical changes in significant unobservable inputs (in thousands):


	September 30, 2026		June 30, 2026
Risk sharing assets
Prepayment Rate assumption (1):
Prepayment Rate decrease of 25%	$	—	$	(1,638)
Prepayment Rate decrease of 50%	$	—	$	(3,382)
Loss Rate assumption:
Loss Rate increase of 25%	$	(13,637)	$	(13,647)
Loss Rate increase of 50%	$	(27,273)	$	(27,292)
Discount Rate assumption:
Discount Rate increase of 25%	$	(538)	$	(554)
Discount Rate increase of 50%	$	(1,041)	$	(1,072)

(1)Prepayment rate is not a significant unobservable input for the risk sharing asset balance as of September 30, 2026.

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Financial Assets and Liabilities Not Recorded at Fair Value

The following table presents the fair value and our assessment of the classification of this measurement within the fair value hierarchy for financial assets and liabilities held at amortized cost as of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026 (in thousands):


	September 30, 2026
	Carrying Amount		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Balance at Fair Value
Assets:

Loans held for investment, net	9,478,472		—		—		10,318,626		10,318,626

Total assets	$	9,478,472	$	—	$	—	$	10,318,626	$	10,318,626
Liabilities:
Convertible senior notes, net (1)	$	1,130,556	$	—	$	1,175,756	$	—	$	1,175,756
Notes issued by securitization trusts	6,221,183		—		—		6,202,942		6,202,942
Funding debt	2,904,541		—		—		2,929,009		2,929,009
Total liabilities	$	10,256,280	$	—	$	1,175,756	$	9,131,951	$	10,307,707


	June 30, 2026
	Carrying Amount		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Balance at Fair Value
Assets:
Loans held for sale	$	1	$	—	$	1	$	—	$	1
Loans held for investment, net	8,997,447		—		—		9,814,199		9,814,199

Total assets	$	8,997,448	$	—	$	1	$	9,814,199	$	9,814,200
Liabilities:
Convertible senior notes, net (1)	$	1,129,581	$	—	$	1,286,525	$	—	$	1,286,525
Notes issued by securitization trusts	5,331,229		—		—		5,341,418		5,341,418
Funding debt	3,333,248		—		—		3,359,290		3,359,290
Total liabilities	$	9,794,058	$	—	$	1,286,525	$	8,700,708	$	9,987,233

(1)The estimated fair value of the convertible senior notes is determined based on a market approach, using the estimated or actual bids and offers of the notes in an over-the-counter market on the last business day of the period.

13. Stockholders’ Equity

Common Stock

We had shares of common stock reserved for issuance as follows:


	September 30, 2026	June 30, 2026


Available outstanding under equity compensation plans	18,271,659	19,595,080
Available for future grant under equity compensation plans	85,850,720	69,408,730
Total	104,122,379	89,003,810

The common stock is not redeemable. We have two classes of common stock: Class A common stock and Class B common stock. Each holder of Class A common stock has the right to one vote per share of common stock. Each holder of Class B common stock has the right to 15 votes and can be converted at any time into one share of Class A common stock. Holders of Class A and Class B common stock are entitled to notice of any stockholders’

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meeting in accordance with the bylaws of the corporation, and are entitled to vote upon such matters and in such manner as may be provided by law. Subject to the prior rights of holders of all classes of stock at the time outstanding having prior rights as to dividends, the holders of the common stock are entitled to receive, when and as declared by the Board of Directors, out of any assets of the corporation legally available therefore, such dividends as may be declared from time to time by the Board of Directors.

Common Stock Warrants

Common stock warrants are included as a component of additional paid in capital within the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets.

In November 2025, in connection with the execution of an amended commercial agreement with Amazon, we modified the exercise price of the warrants vesting February 2026 and thereafter from $100 per share to $63.06 per share. The incremental cost resulting from the modification was $37.7 million. The fair value of the warrants, including the incremental cost from the modification, is recognized within our interim condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income as a component of sales and marketing expense as the warrants vest, based upon Amazon’s satisfaction of the vesting conditions.

During the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, we recognized $48.0 million and $41.0 million, respectively, within sales and marketing expense for the warrant shares that vested during the respective periods. Refer to Note 5. Balance Sheet Components for more information on the commercial agreement asset recognized in connection with the warrants and the related amortization.

The following table summarizes the warrants activity for the three months ended September 30, 2026:


	Number of Shares	Weighted Average Exercise Price ($)	Weighted Average Remaining Life (years)
Warrants outstanding, June 30, 2026	18,500,000	$68.75	2.90



Warrants outstanding, September 30, 2026	18,500,000	$68.75	2.60
Vested and exercisable, September 30, 2026	13,846,445	$70.66	2.60

There were no warrants granted, exercised, or cancelled during the three months ended September 30, 2026. Unrecognized compensation expense related to the unvested warrants was approximately $381.4 million, which is expected to be recognized over a remaining weighted-average period of 2.1 years.

14. Equity Incentive Plans

2012 Stock Plan

Under our Amended and Restated 2012 Stock Plan (the “Plan”), we may grant incentive and nonqualified stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units (“RSUs”), and performance stock units (“PSUs”) to employees, officers, directors, and consultants. As of September 30, 2026, the maximum number of shares of common stock which may be issued under the Plan is 209,718,585 Class A shares and there were 85,850,720 shares of Class A common stock available for future grants under the Plan.

Stock Options

For stock options granted before our IPO in January 2021, the expiration period is the minimum of: seven years after termination of employment or ten years from the date of grant. For stock options granted after our IPO, the expiration period is the minimum of: three months after termination of employment or ten years from the date of grant. Stock option awards generally vest over a period of four years, with some awards vesting 25% on the 12

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month anniversary of the vesting commencement date and the remaining 75% vesting ratably over the next three years.

The following table summarizes our stock option activity for the three months ended September 30, 2026:


	Number of Options	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)
Balance as of June 30, 2026	9,739,016	$	20.27	4.44

Exercised	(757,858)	16.27			$	48,696

Balance as of September 30, 2026	8,981,158	20.61		4.24
Vested and exercisable, September 30, 2026	8,198,421	$	19.59	3.94	$	408,145
Vested and exercisable, and expected to vest after(1) September 30, 2026	8,980,620	$	20.63	4.24	$	437,607

(1)Options expected to vest reflect the application of an estimated forfeiture rate.

There were no options granted, forfeited, or expired during the three months ended September 30, 2026. The total fair value of stock options vested was $3.8 million during the three months ended September 30, 2026. As of September 30, 2026, unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested stock options was approximately $16.3 million, which is expected to be recognized over a remaining weighted-average period of 1.3 years.

Value Creation Award

In November 2020, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a long-term, multi-year performance-based stock option grant providing Mr. Levchin with the opportunity to earn the right to purchase up to 12,500,000 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock (the “Value Creation Award”). The Value Creation Award could only be earned upon achievement of specified stock price hurdles above the Company’s IPO price during a five-year performance period, subject to Mr. Levchin’s continued service. During the year ended June 30, 2026, the performance period ended and 8,500,000 unvested shares expired.

The following table summarizes our Value Creation Award activity for the three months ended September 30, 2026:


	Number of Options	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)
Balance as of June 30, 2026	2,000,002	$	49.00	4.54


Balance as of September 30, 2026	2,000,002	49.00		4.29
Vested and exercisable, September 30, 2026	2,000,002	$	49.00	4.29	$	40,460

There were no Value Creation Award shares granted, exercised, or expired during the three months ended September 30, 2026.

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Restricted Stock Units

RSUs are subject to a service-based vesting condition. We record stock-based compensation expense for service-based RSUs on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is generally one to four years.

The following table summarizes our RSU activity during the three months ended September 30, 2026:


	Number of Shares	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested at June 30, 2026	7,259,639	$	49.87
Granted	598,436	71.69
Vested	(1,655,486)	44.36
Forfeited, expired or canceled	(284,352)	50.85
Non-vested at September 30, 2026	5,918,237	$	53.57

As of September 30, 2026, unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested RSUs was approximately $292.7 million, which is expected to be recognized over a remaining weighted-average period of 1.3 years.

Performance Stock Units

From time to time we grant PSUs to select executives and employees. Vesting is contingent upon completion of a continuous three-year service period and the achievement of company financial performance goals, including target growth rates for revenue less transaction costs and adjusted operating income. The number of shares that vest at the end of the performance period will range between 0% and 200% of the target shares based on actual performance against the applicable targets, which will be measured at the end of each fiscal year and averaged at the end of the three-year period. We record stock-based compensation expense for the number of PSUs that are probable of vesting based on the estimated achievement of the performance conditions. If the minimum conditions are not met, any recognized compensation cost will be reversed. The expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the three-year period.

The following table summarizes our PSU activity during the three months ended September 30, 2026:


	Number of Shares	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested at June 30, 2026	596,423	$	82.11
Granted	775,592	71.58


Non-vested at September 30, 2026	1,372,015	$	76.16

As of September 30, 2026, unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested PSUs was approximately $107.4 million, which is expected to be recognized over a remaining weighted-average period of 2.3 years.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

We offer an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) to our employees. A total of 22.2 million shares of Class A common stock are reserved and available for issuance under the ESPP and 2.4 million shares have been issued as of September 30, 2026. The ESPP provides for six-month offering periods beginning December 1 and June 1 of each year. At the end of each offering period, shares of our Class A common stock are purchased on behalf of each ESPP participant at a price per share equal to 85% of the lesser of (1) the fair market value of the Class A common stock on the first day of the offering period (the grant date) or (2) the fair market value of the Class A

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common stock on the last day of the offering period (the purchase date). We use the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model to measure the fair value of the purchase rights issued under the ESPP at the first day of the offering period, which represents the grant date. We record stock-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis over each six-month offering period, the requisite service period of the award.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

The following table presents the components and classification of stock-based compensation (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,
		2026		2025
General and administrative		$	36,542	$	55,773
Technology and data analytics		16,449		24,764
Sales and marketing		2,548		5,076
Processing and servicing		162		240
Total stock-based compensation in operating expenses		55,702		85,853
Capitalized into property, equipment and software, net		29,414		52,885
Total stock-based compensation		$	85,116	$	138,738

15. Income Taxes

The quarterly provision for income taxes is based on the current estimate of the annual effective income tax rate and the tax effect of discrete items occurring during the quarter. Our quarterly provision and the estimate of the annual effective tax rate are subject to significant variation due to several factors, including variability in the pre-tax jurisdictional mix of earnings and the impact of discrete items.

For the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, income tax expense was $40.9 million and $2.3 million, resulting in effective tax rates of 20.0% and 2.8%, respectively. The increase in the effective tax rate was primarily due to the release of a significant portion of our domestic valuation allowance in fiscal year 2026, which had offset most of the income tax expense on domestic earnings for the three months ended September 30, 2025. For the three months ended September 30, 2026, the effective tax rate differed from the U.S. federal statutory rate primarily due to state income taxes, research and development tax credits, nondeductible stock compensation, valuation allowances in certain foreign jurisdictions, and a net discrete tax benefit primarily related to stock-based compensation.

We continue to maintain a valuation allowance against certain foreign net deferred tax assets and certain domestic capital loss deferred tax assets for which it is not more likely than not that the related tax benefits will be realized.

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16. Net Income per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders

The following table presents basic and diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders for Class A and Class B common stock (in thousands, except share and per share data):


	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2026			2025
		Class A		Class B		Class A		Class B
Numerator:
Net income attributable to common stockholders - basic		$	144,670	$	19,496	$	70,741	$	9,953
Net income attributable to common stockholders - diluted		$	145,249	$	18,917	$	71,257	$	9,437
Denominator:
Weighted average shares of common stock - basic		300,799,523		40,536,464		289,507,745		40,730,460
Dilutive effect of stock equivalents:
Stock options		6,598,117		—		8,664,133		—
Restricted stock units		2,705,794		—		8,022,382		—
Value creation award vested shares		695,942		—		1,312,716		—
Common stock warrants		245,059		—		—		—
Performance stock units		199,560		—		—		—
Employee stock purchase plan shares		3,429		—		40,967		—
Weighted average shares of common stock - diluted		311,247,424		40,536,464		307,547,943		40,730,460
Net income per share:
Basic		$	0.48	$	0.48	$	0.24	$	0.24
Diluted		$	0.47	$	0.47	$	0.23	$	0.23

The following common stock equivalents were excluded from the calculation of diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive:


	As of September 30,
	2026	2025
Common stock warrants	8,823,185	7,840,727
Restricted stock units	741,847	4,962,779
Stock options	96,342	131,859



Total	9,661,374	12,935,365

17. Segment Information

The Company is managed on a consolidated basis as a single operating and reportable segment. This reflects the way in which our Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”), the Chief Executive Officer of Affirm Holdings, Inc., regularly reviews internally reported financial information. Net income is the primary measure of segment profit and loss reviewed by the CODM. Net income is used in the budget and forecast process, to assess business performance, and to make decisions on strategy and resource allocation.

The CODM is regularly provided with the consolidated expenses presented within the interim condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. Refer to the interim condensed consolidated

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statements of operations and comprehensive income for further information related to our revenues, expenses, and net income.

Refer to the interim condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for further information related to significant noncash items including depreciation and amortization expense.

The CODM does not review segment assets at a different level than the amounts presented within the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Refer to Note 3. Revenue for further information on the types of products and services the Company derives its revenues from.

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Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the interim condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Form 10-Q”) and our audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes and the discussion under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2026 included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. Some of the information contained in this discussion and analysis, including information with respect to our planned investments to drive future growth, includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. You should review the sections titled “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and “Risk Factors” of this Form 10-Q and our most recently filed Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion of forward-looking statements and important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results described in or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in the following discussion and analysis.

Overview

We are building the next generation payment network. We believe that by using modern technology, strong engineering talent, and a mission-driven approach, we can reinvent payments and commerce. Our solutions, which are built on trust and transparency, are designed to make it easier for consumers to spend and save responsibly and with confidence, easier for merchants and commerce platforms to convert sales and grow, and easier for commerce to thrive.

Our payment network allows consumers to pay for purchases in fixed amounts without deferred interest, late fees, or penalties. We empower consumers to pay over time rather than paying for a purchase entirely upfront. This increases consumers’ purchasing power and gives them more control and flexibility. Our platform facilitates both true 0% annual percentage rate (“APR”) payment options and interest-bearing loans. Our solutions empower merchants to more efficiently promote and sell their products, optimize their consumer acquisition strategies, and drive incremental sales. We also provide valuable consumer- and product-level data and insights — information that merchants cannot easily get elsewhere — to better inform their strategies. Finally, for consumers, our app unlocks the full suite of Affirm products, enabling consumers to apply for installment loans, and upon approval, use the Affirm Card online or in-store to complete a purchase. Additionally, consumers can manage the pre- and post-purchase split of Affirm Card transactions into a loan, manage payments, open a high-yield savings account, and access a personalized shopping and offers marketplace.

Technology and data are at the core of everything we do. Our expertise in sourcing, aggregating, and analyzing data has been what we believe to be the key competitive advantage of our platform since our founding. We believe our proprietary technology platform and data give us a unique advantage in pricing risk. We use data to inform our risk scoring in order to generate value for our consumers, merchants, and capital partners. We also prioritize building our own technology and investing in product and engineering talent as we believe these are enduring competitive advantages that are difficult to replicate. Our solutions use the latest in machine learning, artificial intelligence, cloud-based technologies, and other modern tools to create differentiated and scalable products.

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Our Financial Model

Our Revenue Model

We have three main loan product offerings: Pay-in-X, 0% APR monthly installment loans and interest-bearing monthly installment loans. Pay-in-X primarily consists of short-term payment plans with one to four 0% APR installments.

From merchants, we typically earn a fee when we help them convert a sale and facilitate a transaction. Merchant fees depend on the individual arrangement between us and each merchant and may vary based on the loan terms and product offering; we generally earn larger merchant fees on 0% APR financing products.

From consumers, we earn interest income on the simple interest loans that we originate or purchase from our originating bank partners. Interest rates charged to our consumers vary depending on the transaction risk, creditworthiness of the consumer, the repayment term selected by the consumer, the amount of the loan, and the individual arrangement with a merchant. Because our consumers are never charged deferred or compounding interest, late fees, or penalties on the loans, we are not incentivized to profit from our consumers’ hardships. In addition, interest income includes the amortization of any discounts or premiums on loan receivables created upon either the purchase of a loan from one of our originating bank partners or our direct origination of a loan.

In order to accelerate our ubiquity, we facilitate the issuance of the Affirm Card, a card that can be used physically or virtually and which allows consumers to link a bank account to pay in full, or pay later by accessing credit through the Affirm App. Similarly, we also facilitate the issuance of virtual cards directly to consumers through our app, allowing them to shop with merchants that may not yet be fully integrated with Affirm. When these cards are used over established card networks, we earn a portion of the interchange fee from the transaction.

Our Loan Origination and Servicing Model

When a consumer applies for a loan through our platform, the loan is underwritten using our proprietary risk model. Once approved for the loan, the consumer then selects their preferred repayment option. A portion of these loans are funded and issued by our originating bank partners, which include Celtic Bank, an FDIC-insured Utah state-chartered industrial bank, and Lead Bank, an FDIC-insured Missouri state-chartered bank. These partnerships allow us to benefit from our partners’ ability to originate loans under their banking licenses while complying with various federal, state, and other laws. Under this arrangement, we must comply with our originating bank partners' credit policies and underwriting procedures, and our originating bank partners maintain ultimate authority to decide whether to originate a loan or not. When an originating bank partner originates a loan, it funds the loan through its own funding sources and may subsequently offer and sell the loan to us. Pursuant to our agreements with these partners, we are obligated to purchase the loans facilitated through our platform that such partner offers us and our obligation is secured by cash deposits. To date, we have purchased all of the loans facilitated through our platform and originated by our originating bank partners. When we purchase a loan from an originating bank partner, the purchase price is equal to the outstanding principal balance of the loan, plus a fee and any accrued interest. The originating bank partner also retains an interest in the loans purchased by us through a loan performance fee that is payable by us on the aggregate principal amount of a loan that is paid by a consumer. Refer to Note 12. Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities in the notes to the interim condensed consolidated financial statements for more information on the performance fee liability.

During the three months ended September 30, 2026, we originated loans directly under our lending, servicing, and brokering licenses in Canada, the U.K., Australia, and across most states in the U.S. through our consolidated subsidiaries. For the three months ended September 30, 2026, we directly originated approximately $2.7 billion, or 19% of loans compared to approximately $1.9 billion, or 18%, for the same period in 2025.

We act as the servicer on all loans that we originate directly or purchase from our originating bank partners and earn a servicing fee on loans held by third parties, including bank partners prior to loan purchase and third-party loan buyers if subsequently sold as part of our funding strategy. In the normal course of business, we do not sell the servicing rights on any of the loans. To allow for flexible staffing to support overflow and seasonal traffic, we

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partner with several sub-servicers to manage consumer care, first priority collections, and third-party collections in accordance with our policies and procedures.

Factors Affecting Our Performance

Our performance has been and may continue to be affected by many factors, including those identified below, as well as the factors discussed in the section titled “Risk Factors” in this Form 10-Q and in our most recently filed Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2026, as updated from time to time in our filings with the SEC.

Expanding our Network, Diversity, and Mix of Funding Relationships

Our capital efficient funding model is integral to the success of our platform. As we scale the number of transactions on our network and grow gross merchandise volume (“GMV”), we maintain a variety of funding relationships in order to support our network. Our diversified funding relationships include warehouse facilities, securitization transactions, variable funding notes, forward flow arrangements, and partnerships with banks. Given the short duration and strong performance of our assets, funding can be recycled quickly, resulting in a high-velocity, capital efficient funding model. Our total platform portfolio is defined as the unpaid principal balance outstanding of all loans facilitated through our platform as of the balance sheet date, including loans held for investment, loans held for sale, and loans owned by third parties. As of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026, our equity capital as a percentage of our total platform portfolio was 5% and 4%, respectively. The mix of on-balance sheet and off-balance sheet funding is a function of how we choose to allocate loan volume, which is determined by the economic arrangements and supply of capital available to us, both of which may also impact our results in any given period.

Mix of Business on Our Platform

The shifts in merchant volumes and products offered in any period affect our operating results. These shifts impact GMV, revenue, our financial results, and our key operating metric performance for that period. Differences in loan product mix result in varying loan terms, APRs, and payment frequencies.

Product and economic terms of commercial agreements vary among our merchants, which may impact our results. Merchant mix shifts are driven in part by the products offered by the merchant, the economic terms negotiated with the merchant, merchant-side activity relating to the marketing of their products, whether or not the merchant is fully integrated within our network, and general economic conditions affecting consumer demand. Our revenue as a percentage of GMV in any given period varies across products. As such, as we continue to expand our network to include more merchants and product offerings, revenue as a percentage of GMV may vary.

Additionally, our operating results are impacted by the percentage of GMV related to transactions occurring through direct merchant point-of-sale integrations relative to GMV processed by our card-issuing partners, which includes transactions on the Affirm Card, our virtual debit cards, and with merchants that integrate Affirm services through one of our platform partners or utilize one of our card-issuing partners to process transactions. While commercial and economic terms vary across these offerings, we generally earn a portion of the interchange fees paid by the merchant which are shared with us through our agreement with the card-issuing partner.

Our operating results are also impacted by the percentage and mix of loans we hold on our balance sheet versus those sold to third-party investors. This is driven by our funding strategy, prevailing capital market conditions, and the supply of capital available from our diverse funding channels and relationships. Because the majority of transactions on our platform result in a loan origination, changes in GMV product mix are generally correlated with the mix of loans purchased from our bank partner or originated through one of our subsidiaries.

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The following table presents the composition of loans held for investment, less accrued interest receivable, by loan product, as of the end of each period presented (in thousands):


	As of September 30,				As of June 30,
	2026		2025		2026		2025
Interest-bearing monthly installment loans	$	7,487,876	$	5,267,769	$	6,973,844	$	5,064,696
0% APR monthly installment loans	1,906,637		1,458,173		1,891,632		1,473,549
Pay-in-X	616,268		435,365		600,907		419,337
Total	$	10,010,781	$	7,161,307	$	9,466,383	$	6,957,582

The following table presents the composition of the average balance of loans held for investment, less accrued interest receivable, by loan product, for each period presented:


	Three Months Ended September 30,	2026 v 2025
		2026		2025		Change $		Change %
		(in thousands, except percentages)
Average loan balance (1)
Interest-bearing monthly installment loans		$	7,230,860	$	5,166,233	$	2,064,628	40	%
0% APR monthly installment loans		1,899,135		1,465,861		433,274		30	%
Pay-in-X		$	608,588	$	427,351	$	181,237	42	%
Total		$	9,738,582	$	7,059,445	$	2,679,138	38	%

(1) The average balance of loans held for investment, less accrued interest receivable, is calculated using the ending

balances at each quarter-end during the fiscal year, including the prior fiscal year-end.

Loans held for investment increased by 6% and 3% over the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The balance and product mix of loans held for investment in a given period is driven by the volume and composition of loan purchases and originations as well as the volume, composition and timing of loan sales to third party investors and securitizations.

With respect to the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, the average balance of loans held for investment increased by $2.7 billion, or 38%, primarily due to overall GMV growth of $3.6 billion, or 34%. For the three months ended September 30, 2026, the average balance of interest-bearing monthly installment loans increased by 40% while the average balance of 0% APR monthly installment loans and Pay-in-X loans increased by 30% and 42%, respectively, compared to the same period in 2025.

During the three months ended September 30, 2026, we purchased $11.8 billion from our originating bank partners and directly originated $2.7 billion of loans. The purchased volume of loans originated by our bank partners during the periods primarily included a mix of interest bearing and 0% APR monthly installment products whereas the volume of loans originated through one of our subsidiaries during the periods was primarily Pay-in-X. The total volume and composition of loans purchased and originated during the periods is correlated with the volume and composition of GMV.

During the three months ended September 30, 2026, we held substantially all Pay-in-X loans on our balance sheet, while selling a percentage of our interest bearing monthly installment loans and 0% APR monthly installment loans to third party investors, either directly or through off balance sheet securitizations. During the three months ended September 30, 2026, we sold loans with an unpaid principal balance of $6.3 billion comprised of 86% interest-bearing monthly installment loans and 14% 0% APR monthly installment loans.

Refer to Key Operating Metrics for additional information on GMV for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025.

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Seasonality

We experience seasonal fluctuations in our business as a result of consumer spending patterns. Historically, our GMV has tended to be higher during our second and fourth fiscal quarters, due to increases in retail commerce during the holiday season and other promotional activity. Our loan delinquencies tend to be at their lowest during our fiscal third and fourth quarters, as consumer savings benefit from tax refunds. Adverse events that occur during these quarters could have a disproportionate effect on our financial results for the fiscal year.

Macroeconomic Environment

We regularly monitor the direct and indirect impacts of the current macroeconomic conditions on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. In September 2026, the Federal Reserve increased the federal funds interest rate, and uncertainty remains as to whether and to what extent the federal funds interest rate will remain at current levels, increase or decrease in future periods. Simultaneously, economic uncertainty and unpredictability, including the potential for economic recession, persistent inflation, international conflicts, and the magnitude, duration and impact of tariffs on global trade, has impacted and may continue to impact both consumer spending and loan repayments. These challenges have affected, and may continue to affect, our business and results of operations in the following ways:

•Shifts in consumer demand: We have experienced, and may continue to experience, fluctuations in consumer demand across different merchandise categories as well as an increase in delinquencies due to economic uncertainty, persistent inflationary pressures, elevated interest rates, and other macroeconomic factors. If such conditions deteriorate in future periods, consumer demand and loan repayments may be negatively impacted.

•Managing delinquency rates: We are continuously optimizing our underwriting to manage delinquency rates. While these actions did not adversely affect our GMV growth rates during the three months ended September 30, 2026, any future credit tightening could adversely impact GMV growth rates.

•Borrowing costs: The Federal Reserve began decreasing the federal funds interest rate in late 2024, leading to a decline in our average funding costs. However, in September 2026, the Federal Reserve increased the federal funds interest rate, and there is continued uncertainty as to whether the federal funds interest rate will remain at current levels, increase, or decrease in future periods.

•Volatile capital markets: Since fiscal 2024, capital markets have shown improvement against prior periods, and have allowed us to add substantial capacity across funding channels.

Despite these improvements, uncertainties remain in the macroeconomic environment that may result in fluctuations of available capital in our lending marketplace due to shifts in the risk preferences of our lending partners and institutional investors or for other reasons.

To address these uncertainties, we leverage our diverse capital ecosystem consisting of multiple funding channels, a diverse set of counterparties, and varying maturity debt schedule to support resilience across various macroeconomic conditions and economic cycles.

Consumer Credit Optimization and Loan Performance

We continue to optimize our underwriting and take other actions to manage consumer loan repayment and minimize losses. For example, we offer loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to provide greater flexibility for consumers to repay their obligations, through payment deferrals or loan re-amortizations. A payment deferral extends the next payment due date, and while a consumer may receive more than one deferral, the total deferral period may not exceed three months. A loan re-amortization lowers the monthly payments by extending the term by up to twelve additional months beyond the current remaining term, capped at a total remaining term of twenty-four months.

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These loan modification programs also impact our delinquency rates, and such impact can vary over time. The volume of loan modifications during the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2026 increased to 0.17% up from 0.12% in the same period in 2025. Our reported delinquency and charge off rates include loans which have become past due or have charged off subsequent to modification. We continue to evaluate the effectiveness of these programs and may modify, expand, or contract their usage, which may affect the timing of reported delinquencies and charge offs in future periods.

Regulatory Developments

We are subject to the regulatory and enforcement authority of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (the “CFPB”) as a facilitator, servicer, acquirer or originator of consumer credit. As such, the CFPB has in the past requested reports concerning our organization, business conduct, markets, and activities, and we expect that the CFPB will continue to do so from time to time in the future.

Additionally, state regulatory agencies and state attorneys general have publicly indicated that they plan to increase oversight of financial services companies. Such state authorities may initiate legal proceedings against us under state consumer protection statutes or various federal consumer financial services statutes, subject to the jurisdiction of the CFPB and Federal Trade Commission. These actions may result in financial penalties, which, individually or in aggregate, may adversely impact our operations.

Affirm Bank Applications

On January 23, 2026, we submitted applications to the Nevada Financial Institutions Division and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) to establish Affirm Bank, a proposed Nevada-chartered industrial loan company. If approved, the proposed entity would operate as a wholly owned, Nevada-chartered, FDIC-insured bank subsidiary, and maintain its own independent governance and internal controls. The proposed bank subsidiary would complement our current business and bank partnership models, including by providing greater flexibility and diversification, to help advance responsible innovation in financial services.

Key Operating Metrics

We focus on several key operating metrics to measure the performance of our business and help determine our strategic direction. In addition to revenue, net income, and other results under U.S. GAAP, the following tables set forth key operating metrics we use to evaluate our business.


	Three Months Ended September 30,
		2026		2025		% Change
		(in billions)
GMV		$	14.4	$	10.8	34	%

GMV

We measure GMV to assess the volume of transactions that take place on our platform. We define GMV as the total dollar amount of all transactions on the Affirm platform during the applicable period, net of refunds. GMV does not represent revenue earned by us; however, it is an indicator of the success of our merchants and the strength of our platform.

For the three months ended September 30, 2026, GMV was $14.4 billion which represented an increase of approximately 34% as compared to the same period in 2025. Overall, the increase in GMV was driven by growth in our direct to consumer products, including Affirm Card, and overall increases in active merchants, active consumers and average transactions per consumer. In addition, for the three months ended September 30, 2026, GMV from our top five merchants and platform partners collectively grew 22% as compared to the same period in 2025. The composition of our top five merchants and platform partners is determined based on GMV for each reporting period and, accordingly, the specific merchants and/or platform partners included in the top five may change period-over-period. During the three months ended September 30, 2026, the concentration of GMV derived from our top five partners declined slightly to 40% compared to 44% for the same period in 2025 as a result of the continued diversification of GMV across merchants, platform partners and through our direct to consumer products. GMV

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attributable to Amazon represented 20% of total GMV for the three months ended September 30, 2026 compared to 21% for the same period in 2025.

During the three months ended September 30, 2026, GMV increased for interest-bearing installment loans, 0% APR monthly installment loans and Pay-in-X, compared to the same period in 2025; however, the rate of GMV growth varied by product type over the same periods due to differences in merchant and platform mix and timing of certain promotions and campaigns.

GMV from interest-bearing installment loans was $10.3 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to $7.7 billion for the same period in 2025, an increase of $2.6 billion, or 34%. Interest-bearing installment loans represented 71% and 72% of total GMV for the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

GMV from Pay-in-X was $2.1 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to $1.6 billion for the same period in 2025, an increase of $0.5 billion, or 33%. Pay-in-X represented 15% of total GMV, for both the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025.

GMV from 0% APR monthly installment loans was $1.9 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to $1.4 billion for the same period in 2025, an increase of $0.5 billion, or 32%. 0% APR monthly installment loans represented 13% of total GMV for both the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025.


	September 30, 2026	September 30, 2025	% Change
	(in thousands, except per consumer data)
Active consumers	28,668	24,128	19	%
Transactions per active consumer	7.3	6.1	19	%

Active Consumers

We assess consumer adoption and engagement by the number of active consumers across our platform. Active consumers are the primary measure of the size of our network. We define an active consumer as a consumer who completes at least one transaction on our platform during the 12 months prior to the measurement date.

As of September 30, 2026, we had approximately 28.7 million active consumers, which represented an increase of 19% compared to approximately 24.1 million active consumers as of September 30, 2025. The increase was primarily due to a high retention rate of existing consumers, including continued adoption and engagement among Affirm Card users, which represent an increasing percentage of our active consumer population, and the acquisition of new consumers through an expansion in active merchants and platform partnerships.

Transactions per Active Consumer

We believe the value of our network is amplified with greater consumer engagement and repeat usage, highlighted by increased transactions per active consumer. Transactions per active consumer is defined as the average number of transactions that an active consumer has conducted on our platform during the 12 months prior to the measurement date.

As of September 30, 2026, we had approximately 7.3 transactions per active consumer, an increase of 19% compared to September 30, 2025. The increase was primarily due to platform growth and a higher frequency of repeat users driven by consumer engagement, including growth of Affirm Card active consumers. As of September 30, 2026 and September 30, 2025, Affirm Card represented approximately 16% and 11%, respectively, of the total number of transactions from the last twelve months.

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Results of Operations

The following tables set forth selected interim condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income data for each of the periods presented:


	Three Months Ended September 30,	2026 vs 2025
			2026		2025		$ Change		% Change
			(in thousands, except percentages)
Revenue
Merchant network revenue			$	296,928	$	251,147	$	45,781	18	%
Card network revenue			96,490		69,330		27,160		39	%
Total network revenue			393,418		320,477		72,941		23	%
Interest income (2)			658,128		454,122		204,006		45	%
Gain on sales of loans (2)			162,172		119,049		43,123		36	%
Servicing income			48,498		39,689		8,809		22	%
Total revenue, net			1,262,216		933,337		328,879		35	%
Operating expenses (3)
Loss on loan purchase commitment			82,573		71,552		11,021		15	%
Provision for credit losses			259,357		162,752		96,605		59	%
Funding costs			134,373		110,027		24,346		22	%
Processing and servicing			168,808		133,807		35,001		26	%
Technology and data analytics			202,652		168,106		34,546		21	%
Sales and marketing			86,841		78,491		8,350		11	%
General and administrative			140,560		144,941		(4,381)		(3)	%

Total operating expenses			1,075,164		869,676		205,488		24	%
Operating income			$	187,052	$	63,661	$	123,391	194	%
Other income, net			18,000		19,358		(1,358)		(7)	%
Income before income taxes			$	205,052	$	83,019	$	122,033	147	%
Income tax expense			40,886		2,326		38,560		NM (1)
Net income			$	164,166	$	80,694	$	83,472	103	%

(1)Not meaningful (“NM”)

(2)Upon purchase of a loan from our originating bank partners at a price above the fair market value of the loan or upon the origination of a loan with a par value in excess of the fair market value of the loan, a discount is included in the amortized cost basis of the loan. For loans held for investment, this discount is amortized over the life of the loan into interest income. For loans held for sale, when a loan is sold to a third-party loan buyer or off-balance sheet securitization trust, the unamortized discount is released in full at the time of sale and recognized as part of the gain or loss on sales of loans. However, the cumulative value of the loss on loan purchase commitment or loss on origination, the interest income recognized over time from the amortization of discount while retained, and the release of discount into gain on sales of loans, together net to zero over the life of the loan. See Note 4. Loans Held for Investment and Allowance for Credit Losses for a table detailing the discount activity for loans held for investment for the periods presented.

(3)Amounts include stock-based compensation expense. See Note 14. Equity Incentive Plans for the amounts presented within each operating expense line item for the periods presented.

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Comparison of the Three Months Ended September 30, 2026 and 2025

Merchant Network Revenue

Merchant network revenue is impacted by both GMV and the mix of loans originated on our platform, including the distribution of loans by product. While we generally earn higher merchant fees on 0% versus interest-bearing loan products, merchant fee rates on each transaction are also impacted by the existence of a commercial agreement and negotiated pricing with each merchant, which may vary depending on loan term, loan size, borrower credit risk, and pricing incentives. We generally earn lower merchant revenue on our direct to consumer products, including Affirm Card, which are predominantly interest-bearing.

Merchant network revenue increased by $45.8 million, or 18%, for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025. The increase is primarily attributed to an increase in GMV of $3.6 billion, or 34%, for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025. The volume-driven increase in merchant network revenue was partially offset by an increase in the loss on loan originations by $10.4 million, or 34%, for the three months ended September 30, 2026. Additionally, merchant incentives, recorded as a reduction of revenue, increased by $5.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2026 compared to the same period in 2025.

Merchant network revenue as a percentage of GMV decreased to 2.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2026 from 2.3% for the three months ended September 30, 2025, which was primarily driven by an increase in direct to consumer transactions as a percentage of GMV, led by the growth of Affirm Card.

Card Network Revenue

Card network revenue increased by $27.2 million, or 39%, for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025. Card network revenue growth is correlated with the growth of GMV processed by our card-issuing partners. As such, the increase is primarily driven by $5.5 billion of GMV processed through our card-issuing partners, an increase of approximately 50% for the three months ended September 30, 2026, as compared to the same period in 2025. This was driven by increased card activity primarily through Affirm Card and our virtual debit cards, as well as GMV generated by merchants utilizing our agreement with card-issuing partners as a means of integrating Affirm services. Card network revenue is also impacted by the mix of merchants as different merchants can have different interchange rates depending on their industry or size, among other factors.

The volume-driven increase in card network revenue was partially offset by an increase in merchant incentives, which are recorded as a reduction to card network revenue. For the three months ended September 30, 2026, merchant incentives increased by $6.1 million, or 140%, compared to the same period in 2025.

Interest Income

Interest income increased by $204.0 million, or 45%, for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025. Generally, interest income is correlated with the changes in the average balance of loans held for investment, which increased by 38% to $9.8 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025. The increase in average loan balances was primarily driven by interest-bearing monthly installment loans, which increased by approximately $2.1 billion, or 40%, compared to an increase of approximately $614.5 million, or 32%, for 0% APR loans.

The increase was primarily driven by contractual interest income for interest-bearing loans, which grew approximately $187.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025, comprising 92% of the total increase. Interest income from the amortization of the discount on 0% and below market APR loans grew approximately $22.7 million over the same period, comprising 11% of the total increase.

Gain on Sales of Loans

Gain on sales of loans increased by $43.1 million, or 36%, for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025. The increase is driven by higher loan sale volume to third-party loan

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buyers and favorable transaction economics, which are primarily driven by market conditions. We sold loans with an unpaid principal balance of $6.3 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to $4.9 billion for the same period in 2025, an increase of 27%.

Servicing Income

Servicing income includes net servicing fee revenue and fair value adjustments for servicing assets and liabilities, and is recognized for loan portfolios sold to third-party loan buyers and for loans held within our off-balance sheet securitizations. Servicing fee revenue varies by contractual servicing fee arrangement and is earned as a percentage of the average unpaid principal balance of loans held by each counterparty where we have a servicing agreement. We reduce servicing income for certain fees we are required to pay per our contractual servicing arrangement.

With respect to fair value adjustments, we remeasure the fair value of servicing assets and liabilities each period and recognize the change in fair value in servicing income. We utilize a discounted cash flow approach to remeasure the fair value of servicing rights. Because we earn servicing income based on the outstanding principal balance of the portfolio, fair value adjustments are impacted by the timing and amount of loan repayments. As such, over the term of each loan portfolio sold, fair value adjustments for servicing assets will decrease servicing income and fair value adjustments for servicing liabilities will increase servicing income. We discuss our valuation methodology and significant Level 3 inputs for servicing assets and liabilities within Note 12. Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities of the notes to the interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

Servicing income increased by $8.8 million, or 22%, for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025. The increase was primarily due to an increase in servicing fee revenue which is calculated as a percentage of the unpaid principal balance of off-balance sheet loans. The average unpaid principal balance of loans held by third-party investors and off-balance sheet securitizations increased to $10.4 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025, an increase of 28%.

Loss on Loan Purchase Commitment

We purchase certain loans from our originating bank partners that are processed through our platform and put back to us by our originating bank partners. Under the terms of the agreements with our originating bank partners, we are generally required to pay the principal amount plus accrued interest for such loans and fees. In certain instances, our originating bank partners may originate loans with zero or below market interest rates that we are required to purchase. In these instances, we may be required to purchase the loan for a price in excess of the fair market value of such loans, which results in a loss. These losses are recognized as loss on loan purchase commitment in our interim condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. These costs are incurred on a per loan basis.

Loss on loan purchase commitment increased by $11.0 million, or 15%, for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025, primarily due to an increase in total volume of loans purchased. During the three months ended September 30, 2026, we purchased $11.8 billion of loans from our originating bank partners, compared to $8.7 billion in the same period in 2025, representing an increase of 36%. Of the total loans purchased, 0% APR installment loans represented $1.7 billion during the three months ended September 30, 2026, and $1.3 billion for the same period in 2025, an increase of 34%. The impact of higher period over period loan purchase volume was partially offset by a decrease in the average loan discount percentage, primarily due to changes in the assumptions used to estimate the fair value of purchased loans, as well as changes in product mix and loan term.

Provision for Credit Losses

Provision for credit losses generally represents the amount of expense required to maintain the allowance for credit losses within our interim condensed consolidated balance sheet, which represents management’s estimate of future losses on loans and other receivables. In the event that our loans and receivables outperform our expectation and/or we reduce our expectation of credit losses in future periods, we may release reserves and thereby

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reduce the allowance for credit losses, yielding income in the provision for credit losses. The provision is determined based on our estimate of expected future losses on loans originated during the period and held for investment on our balance sheet, changes in our estimate of future losses on loans outstanding as of the end of the period and the net charge-offs incurred in the period.

Provision for credit losses increased by $96.6 million, or 59%, for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025. Provision expense is primarily related to loans held for investment, where the amount of provision expense recognized during the period depends on the balance and composition of loans held for investment, future loss expectations and net charge-offs realized during the period.

For the three months ended September 30, 2026, the provision expense for loans held for investment increased by $95.2 million, or 61%. Additionally, the average balance of loans held for investment increased by $2.7 billion, or 38%, for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025. The allowance for credit losses as a percentage of loans held for investment increased from 5.9% as of September 30, 2025 to 6.3% as of September 30, 2026. The increase in the allowance rate year over year is primarily driven by an increase in loans held on our balance sheet as well as a change in the loan mix when compared to September 30, 2025, in line with expected credit performance.

Funding Costs

Funding costs consist of interest expense and the amortization of fees for certain borrowings collateralized by our loans including warehouse credit facilities and consolidated securitizations, sale and repurchase agreements collateralized by our retained securitization interests, and other costs incurred in connection with funding the purchases and originations of loans. Funding costs for a given period are driven by the average outstanding balance of funding debt and notes issued by securitization trusts as well as our contractual interest rate and distribution of loans across funding facilities, net of the impact of any designated cash flow hedges.

Funding costs increased by $24.3 million, or 22%, for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025. The increase is primarily due to an increase of funding debt and notes issued by securitization trusts during the three months ended September 30, 2026, partially offset by favorable pricing terms. The average total of funding debt from warehouses and securitizations for the three months ended September 30, 2026 was $8.9 billion, compared to $6.5 billion during the same period in 2025, an increase of $2.4 billion, or 36%.

Processing and Servicing

Processing and servicing expense consists primarily of payment processing fees, third-party customer support and collection expense, salaries and personnel-related costs of our customer care team, platform fees, and allocated overhead.

Processing and servicing expense increased by $35.0 million, or 26%, for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025. This increase is driven partially by an increase in payment processing fees of $14.4 million, or 18%, related to an increase of $3.3 billion, or 33%, in payment volume for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025. Platform fees increased by $12.1 million, or 38%, primarily due to an increase in volume with a large enterprise partner. Additionally, our customer service and collection costs increased by $5.9 million, or 28%, for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025. Our average total platform portfolio increased by $5.3 billion, or 34%, for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025.

Technology and Data Analytics

Technology and data analytics expense consists primarily of the salaries, stock-based compensation, and personnel-related costs of our engineering, product, and credit and analytics employees, as well as the amortization of internally-developed software and technology intangible assets, and our infrastructure and hosting costs.

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Technology and data analytics expense increased by $34.5 million, or 21%, for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025. The increase is partially driven by amortization of internally-developed software which increased by $20.8 million, or 33%, for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025, as a result of an increase in the number of capitalized projects. Capitalized projects in service grew by 10% from approximately 1,590 projects as of September 30, 2025 to 1,750 projects as of September 30, 2026. Data infrastructure and hosting costs, including data provider costs, increased by $18.6 million, or 41%, for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025. The increase in data infrastructure and hosting costs was primarily driven by an increase in the number of consumer transactions. For the three months ended September 30, 2026, the number of consumer transactions increased by 34% from continued growth at our merchants and platform partners when compared to the same period in 2025.

Sales and Marketing

Sales and marketing costs consist of the expense related to warrants and other share-based payments granted to our enterprise partners, salaries and personnel-related costs, and costs of marketing and promotional activities.

Sales and marketing expense increased by $8.4 million, or 11%, for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025. The increase was primarily driven by a $5.9 million, or 166%, increase in loss on loan origination, and a $5.8 million, or 63%, increase in marketing and promotional expenses, including the cost of co-marketing arrangements, compared to the same period in 2025.

General and Administrative

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of expenses related to our finance, legal, risk operations, human resources, and administrative personnel. General and administrative expenses also include costs related to fees paid for professional services, including legal, tax and accounting services, allocated overhead, and certain discretionary expenses incurred from operating our technology platform.

General and administrative expense decreased by $4.4 million, or 3%, during the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025. The decrease is primarily driven by a decrease in stock-based compensation expense, partially offset by increases in professional services, customer service expense, and software and subscription expense.

Other Income, net

Other income, net includes interest earned on cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, interest earned on securities available for sale, impairment or other adjustments to the cost basis of non-marketable equity securities held at cost, gains and losses on derivative agreements not designated within a hedging relationship, interest expense related to convertible debt, as well as any gains (losses) on extinguishment, revolving credit facility issuance costs, fair value adjustments related to liabilities, and other income or expense arising from activities that are unrelated to our primary business.

Other income, net, decreased by $1.4 million, or 7%, for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to the same period in 2025. The decrease was primarily driven by losses from the remeasurement of foreign currency transactions, lower interest income on cash and cash equivalents, and the absence of gains on the extinguishment of convertible debt in the current period, partially offset by gains on our derivative instruments not designated as hedges.

Income Tax Expense

Income tax expense for the three months ended September 30, 2026 was $40.9 million, an increase of $38.6 million compared to the same period in 2025. The effective tax rate increased to 20.0% from 2.8%, primarily due to the release of a significant portion of our domestic valuation allowance in fiscal year 2026, which had offset most of the income tax expense on domestic earnings for the three months ended September 30, 2025. For the three months ended September 30, 2026, the effective tax rate differed from the U.S. federal statutory rate primarily due to state

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income taxes, research and development tax credits, nondeductible stock compensation, valuation allowances in certain foreign jurisdictions, and a net discrete tax benefit primarily related to stock-based compensation.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Sources and Uses of Funds

We maintain a capital-efficient model through a diverse set of funding sources. When we originate a loan directly or purchase a loan originated by our originating bank partners, we often utilize warehouse credit facilities with certain lenders to finance our lending activities or loan purchases. We sell the loans we originate or purchase from our originating bank partners to whole loan buyers and securitization investors through forward flow arrangements and securitization transactions, and earn servicing fees from continuing to act as the servicer on the loans. We proactively manage the allocation of loans on our platform across various funding channels based on several factors including, but not limited to, internal risk limits and policies, capital market conditions and channel economics. Despite ongoing macroeconomic uncertainty, we believe our excess funding capacity and committed and long-term relationships with a diverse group of existing funding partners help provide flexibility as we optimize our funding to support the growth in loan volume.

Our principal sources of liquidity are cash and cash equivalents, available for sale securities, available capacity from warehouse and revolving credit facilities, securitization trusts, forward flow loan sale arrangements, and certain cash flows from our operations. As of September 30, 2026, we had $3.0 billion in cash and cash equivalents and available for sale securities, $5.9 billion in available funding debt capacity, excluding our purchase commitments from third party loan buyers, and $675.0 million in borrowing capacity available under our revolving credit facility. We believe our principal sources of liquidity are sufficient to meet both our existing operating, working capital, and capital expenditure requirements and our currently planned growth for at least the next 12 months.

The following table summarizes our cash, cash equivalents and investments in debt securities (in thousands):


	September 30, 2026		June 30, 2026
Cash and cash equivalents (1)	$	2,072,399	$	1,630,038
Investments in short-term debt securities (2)	659,950		647,811
Investments in long-term debt securities (2)	272,858		324,831
Cash, cash equivalent and investments in debt securities	$	3,005,207	$	2,602,680

(1)Cash and cash equivalents consist of checking, money market and savings accounts held at financial institutions and short-term highly liquid marketable securities, including money market funds, certificates of deposits, commercial paper, and government bonds purchased with an original maturity of three months or less.

(2)Securities available for sale at fair value primarily consist of certificates of deposits, corporate bonds, municipal bonds, commercial paper, agency bonds, government bonds, and securitization notes receivable and certificates. Short-term securities have maturities less than or equal to one year, and long-term securities range from greater than one year to less than five years.

Debt

Debt as of September 30, 2026 primarily includes funding debt, notes issued by securitization trusts, convertible senior notes and our revolving credit facilities. A detailed description of each of our borrowing arrangements is included in Note 8. Debt in the notes to the interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

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The following table summarizes the future maturities of our warehouse credit facilities, variable funding notes, sale and repurchase agreements, and notes issued by securitization trusts as of September 30, 2026:


Maturity Fiscal Year	Borrowing Capacity		Principal Outstanding
	(in thousands)

2028	1,200,000		591,298
2029	1,982,802		811,868
2030	875,969		441,972
2031	232,677		181,014
Thereafter	10,800,000		7,152,588
Total	$	15,091,448	$	9,178,740

Refer to “Convertible Senior Notes” below for the maturities of our convertible senior notes.

Warehouse Credit Facilities

Our U.S. warehouse credit facilities allow us to borrow up to an aggregate of $6.3 billion, and mature between fiscal years 2028 and 2034. We may continue to pledge new receivables to allow us to borrow up to the commitment amount throughout the revolving period for each facility. The length of the revolving period, the maximum amount we may borrow against the pledged collateral balance during the revolving period, and the length of the amortization period prior to the maturity date varies across borrowing facilities depending on negotiated loan terms. As of September 30, 2026, we have drawn an aggregate of $2.1 billion on our warehouse credit facilities.

We use various credit facilities to finance the origination of loan receivables in Canada and the U.K. Similar to our U.S. warehouse credit facilities, borrowings under these agreements are referred to as funding debt, and proceeds from the borrowings may only be used for the purposes of facilitating loan funding and origination. These facilities are secured by loan receivables in Canada and the U.K. pledged to the respective facility as collateral, maturing between fiscal years 2029 and 2031. As of September 30, 2026, the aggregate commitment amount of these facilities was $1.2 billion on a revolving basis, of which $652.9 million was drawn.

As we continue to expand in new geographies, we intend to add the necessary funding capacity to support our growth objectives. As of September 30, 2026, we were in compliance with all applicable covenants in the agreements.

Variable Funding Note

We entered into a syndicated revolving loan agreement through a securitization master trust which funds loans. In connection with the loan agreement, the master trust issued a variable funding note (“VFN”), where borrowings are secured by loan collateral sold to the master trust. Throughout the reinvestment period of the VFN, the master trust periodically issues asset-backed securities, where securitization note proceeds affect the level of utilization of the VFN. Our VFN allows us to borrow up to an aggregate of $1.4 billion and matures in fiscal year 2032. As of September 30, 2026, we have drawn an aggregate of $161.4 million on our VFN. As of September 30, 2026, we were in compliance with all applicable covenants in the agreements.

Sale and Repurchase Agreements

We entered into certain sale and repurchase agreements pursuant to our retained interests in our off-balance sheet securitizations where we have sold these securities to a counterparty with an obligation to repurchase at a future date and price. These repurchase agreements have a term equaling the contractual life of the securitization notes pledged. We had $2.6 million in debt outstanding under our sale and repurchase agreements disclosed within funding debt in the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2026.

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Securitizations

Revolving Credit Facility

We have a Revolving Credit Agreement with a syndicate of banks for a $675.0 million unsecured revolving credit facility, with a final maturity date of June 18, 2029. Proceeds from the borrowings under this facility will be used for general corporate purposes in the ordinary course of business. As of September 30, 2026, there are no borrowings outstanding under the facility. The facility contains certain covenants and restrictions, including certain financial maintenance covenants. As of September 30, 2026, we were in compliance with all applicable covenants in the agreements. Refer to Note 8. Debt in the notes to the interim condensed consolidated financial statements for further details on our revolving credit facility.

Convertible Senior Notes

As of September 30, 2026, we had outstanding: (i) $221.3 million aggregate principal amount of our 0.00% 2026 Notes due November 15, 2026 and (ii) $920.0 million aggregate principal amount of our 0.75% 2029 Notes due December 15, 2029, in each case unless earlier converted, redeemed, or repurchased in accordance with their terms. Refer to Note 8. Debt in the notes to the interim condensed consolidated financial statements for further details.

Other Funding Sources

Forward Flow Loan Sale Arrangements

We have forward flow loan sale arrangements that facilitate the sale of whole loans across a diverse third-party investor base. Forward flow arrangements are generally fixed term in nature, with term lengths ranging between one to three years, during which we periodically sell loans to each counterparty based on the terms of our negotiated agreement. As part of our capital strategy, we seek to partner with counterparties that can provide long-term, stable funding to support the ongoing growth and diversification of our loan portfolio.

Cash Flow Analysis

The following table provides a summary of cash flow data during the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2026	2025
	(in thousands)
Net cash provided by operating activities	207,077	374,572
Net cash used in investing activities	(489,098)	(139,611)
Net cash provided by financing activities	419,179	110,086

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Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Our largest sources of operating cash are fees charged to merchant partners on transactions processed through our platform and interest income from consumers’ loans. Our primary uses of cash from operating activities are for general and administrative, technology and data analytics, funding costs, processing and servicing, and sales and marketing expenses.

Net cash provided by operating activities was $207.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2026, which reflected adjustments for significant non-cash items, including provision for losses, amortization of premiums and discounts on loans, gain on sale of loans, commercial agreement warrant expense, stock-based compensation, depreciation and amortization, deferred income tax expense, and changes in operating assets and liabilities. Total adjustments and changes in operating assets and liabilities collectively resulted in a net increase in operating cash flows of $42.9 million.

Net cash provided by operating activities was $374.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, which reflected adjustments for significant non-cash items, including provision for losses, amortization of premiums and discounts on loans, gain on sale of loans, commercial agreement warrant expense, stock-based compensation, depreciation and amortization, and changes in operating assets and liabilities. Total adjustments and changes in operating assets and liabilities collectively resulted in a net increase in operating cash flows of $293.9 million.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities was $489.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2026. Cash outflows were primarily driven by purchases and origination of loans held for investment of $13.8 billion, purchases of securities available for sale of $160.0 million, and property, equipment and software additions of $62.5 million. Cash inflows included $7.5 billion from principal repayments and other loan servicing activity, $5.8 billion in proceeds from the sale of loans held for investment, and $207.1 million of proceeds from maturities and repayments of securities available for sale.

Net cash used in investing activities was $139.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025. Cash outflows were primarily driven by purchases and origination of loans held for investment of $9.8 billion, purchases of securities available for sale of $146.5 million, and property, equipment and software additions of $54.4 million. Cash inflows included $5.4 billion from principal repayments and other loan servicing activity, $4.3 billion in proceeds from the sale of loans held for investment, and $216.4 million of proceeds from maturities and repayments of securities available for sale.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities was $419.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2026. Cash inflows were driven by $15.3 billion in proceeds from the issuance of secured debt, including funding debt and securitization notes and certificates, and $12.1 million from the exercise of common stock options and warrants and employee contributions to ESPP. Cash outflows included $14.8 billion related to principal repayments of secured debt and $44.7 million for taxes paid on vested equity awards.

Net cash provided by financing activities was $110.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025. Cash inflows were driven by $9.1 billion in proceeds from the issuance of secured debt, including funding debt and securitization notes and certificates, and $94.8 million from the exercise of common stock options and warrants and employee contributions to ESPP. Cash outflows included $8.9 billion related to principal repayments on secured debt, $24.8 million related to the extinguishment of a portion of our 2026 Notes, and $112.3 million related to taxes paid on vested equity awards.

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Contractual Obligations

There were no material changes outside of the ordinary course of business in our commitments and contractual obligations for the three months ended September 30, 2026 from the commitments and contractual obligations disclosed in the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Contractual Obligations,” set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2026, which was filed with the SEC on August 27, 2026.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

In the ordinary course of business, we engage in activities that are not reflected within our interim condensed consolidated balance sheets, generally referred to as off-balance sheet arrangements. These activities involve transactions with unconsolidated VIEs, including securitization and forward flow transactions. Across these transactions, ongoing involvement typically includes contractual loan servicing arrangements and loan repurchase obligations in connection with breaches in ordinary course of business representations and warranties.

We have entered into unconsolidated securitization transactions where Affirm is the sponsor and risk retention holder; accordingly, Affirm could experience a loss of up to 5% of both the senior notes and residual trust certificates. In the unlikely event principal payments on the loans backing any off-balance sheet securitization are insufficient to pay holders of senior notes and residual trust certificates, including any retained interests held by Affirm, then any amounts contributed to the securitization reserve accounts may be depleted.

Under certain forward flow loan sale arrangements with third-party loan buyers, we have entered into risk sharing agreements where we may be required to make a payment to the loan buyer or are entitled to receive a payment from the loan buyer, depending on the actual versus expected loan performance as contractually agreed to with the counterparty, and subject to a cap based on a percentage of the principal balance of loans sold.

In addition to risk sharing arrangements, under certain other forward flow arrangements with third-party loan buyers, we hold a beneficial interest representing our right to receive a portion of the residual cash flows from the underlying loans sold in connection with the structured transaction. The loans are held in an unconsolidated VIE that has been established by the third-party loan buyers.

Risk sharing arrangements and beneficial interests are considered variable interests in the unconsolidated VIEs holding the loan assets transferred, as their value is exposed to the performance of those loans. While we may continue to hold variable interest in the unconsolidated VIEs, we determined that we are not the primary beneficiary. Factors we considered for this determination are that we hold an insignificant variable interest or that rights held by other variable interest holders convey power to direct the activities most significantly affecting the unconsolidated VIEs’ economic performance.

As of September 30, 2026, the aggregate outstanding balance of loans held by third-party investors and off-balance sheet securitizations was $10.8 billion. Refer to Note 9. Securitization and Variable Interest Entities and Note 12. Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities of the accompanying notes to our interim condensed consolidated financial statements for more information.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, which requires us to make certain estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Because certain of these accounting policies require significant judgment, our actual results may differ materially from our estimates. To the extent that there are differences between our estimates and actual results,

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our future consolidated financial statement presentation, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows may be affected.

We evaluate our critical accounting policies and estimates on an ongoing basis and update them as necessary based on changes in market conditions or factors specific to us. There have been no material changes in our significant accounting policies or critical accounting estimates during the three months ended September 30, 2026.

For a complete discussion of our significant accounting policies and critical accounting estimates, refer to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2026 within Note 2 to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations— Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates.”

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Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

We have operations within the United States, Canada, U.K. and Australia, and we are exposed to market risks in the ordinary course of our business. Market risk represents the risk of loss that may impact our financial position due to adverse changes in financial market prices and interest rates. Our market risk exposure is primarily the result of fluctuations in interest rates. Foreign currency exchange rates do not pose a material market risk exposure, as our current operations are primarily in the U.S.

Interest Rate Risk

Our securities available for sale at fair value as of September 30, 2026, included $926.8 million of marketable debt securities with maturities greater than three months. An increase in interest rates would have an adverse impact on the fair market value of our fixed rate securities while floating rate securities would produce less income than expected if interest rates were to decrease. Because our investment policy is to invest in conservative, liquid investments and because our business strategy does not rely on generating material returns from our investment portfolio, we do not expect our market risk exposure on marketable debt securities to be significant.

Continued volatility in interest rates and inflation, which may persist longer than previously expected, may adversely impact our consumers’ spending levels, and ability and willingness to pay outstanding amounts owed to us. Elevated interest rates may lead to higher payment obligations on our future credit products but also for consumers’ other financial commitments, including their mortgages, credit cards, and other types of loans. Therefore, elevated interest rates may lead to increased delinquencies, charge-offs, and allowances for loans and interest receivable, which could have an adverse effect on our operating results.

We rely on a variety of funding sources with varying degrees of interest rate sensitivities. Certain of our funding arrangements bear a variable interest rate. Given the fixed interest rates charged on the loans that we purchase from our originating bank partners or originate ourselves, a rising variable interest rate would reduce our interest margin earned in these funding arrangements. Additionally, certain of our loan sale agreements are repriced on a recurring basis using a mechanism tied to interest rates as well as loan performance. Increases in interest rates could reduce our loan sale economics. We also rely on securitization transactions, with notes typically bearing a fixed coupon. For future securitization issuances, higher interest rates could have several outcomes. For consolidated securitizations, higher interest rates may result in higher coupons paid and therefore higher funding costs. For transactions that are not consolidated, higher interest rates may impact overall deal economics which are a function of numerous transaction terms.

We maintain an interest rate risk management program which measures and manages the potential volatility of earnings that may arise from changes in interest rates. We use interest rate derivatives to mitigate the effects of changes in interest rates on our variable rate debt which eliminates some, but not all, of the interest rate risk. Some of these contracts are designated as cash flow hedges for accounting purposes. For those contracts designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivatives is recorded in other comprehensive income (loss) and is reclassified into funding costs in the same period the hedged transaction affects earnings.

Factoring in the interest rate risk management program and the repricing of investment securities, as of September 30, 2026, we estimate that a hypothetical instantaneous 100 basis point upward parallel shock to interest rates would have a less than $100.0 million adverse impact on our cash flows associated with our market risk sensitive instruments over the next 12 months. This measure projects the changes in cash flows associated with all assets and liabilities, including derivatives, based on contractual market rate-based repricing conditions over a twelve-month time horizon. It considers forecasted business growth and anticipated future funding mix.

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Credit Risk

We have credit risk primarily related to our consumer loans held for investment. We are exposed to default risk on both loan receivables purchased from our originating bank partners and loan receivables that are directly originated. The ultimate collectability of a substantial portion of the loan portfolio is susceptible to changes in economic and market conditions. To manage this risk, we utilize our proprietary underwriting models to make lending decisions, score, and price loans in a manner that we believe is reflective of the credit risk. Our proprietary model score (“ITACS”) analyzes the characteristics of a consumer's attributes that are shown to be predictive of both willingness and ability to repay including, but not limited to: basic features of a consumer's credit profile, a consumer's prior repayment performance with other creditors, current credit utilization, and legal and policy changes. Other credit levers, such as user limits and/or down payment requirements, are used to determine the likelihood of a consumer being able to pay.

To monitor portfolio performance, we utilize a wide range of internal and external metrics to review user and loan populations. Each week, management reviews performance for each consumer segment, typically split by ITACS score at the time of origination, financial product originated, age of loan, and delinquency status. Internal performance trendlines are measured against external factors such as unemployment, CPI, and consumer sentiment to determine what changes, if any, in risk strategy is warranted.

As of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026, we were exposed to credit risk on $10.1 billion and $9.6 billion, respectively, of loans held within our interim condensed consolidated balance sheet. Loan receivables are diversified geographically. As of both September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026, approximately 11% of loan receivables related to customers residing in the states of California and Texas, respectively. No other states or provinces represent 10% or more of total loan receivables.

In addition, we have credit risk exposure in relation to certain off-balance sheet loans sold to third parties where we have entered into risk sharing arrangements, retained interests in unconsolidated securitization trusts and our residual interests in structured transactions. As of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026, we have sold $3.9 billion and $4.2 billion, respectively, in unpaid principal balance loans which are subject to risk sharing arrangements, of which our maximum exposure to losses was $48.8 million and $52.7 million, respectively. The fair value of notes receivable and residual trust certificate retained interests in unconsolidated securitization trusts was $47.8 million and $68.4 million as of September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026, respectively. The fair value of residual interests in structured transactions was $5.8 million as of September 30, 2026, of which our maximum exposure to losses was $18.6 million.

We are also exposed to credit risk in the event of nonperformance by the financial institutions holding our cash and the issuers of our cash equivalents and available for sale securities. We maintain our cash deposits and cash equivalents in highly-rated, federally-insured financial institutions in excess of federally insured limits. We manage this risk by conducting business with well-established financial institutions, diversifying our counterparties and having guidelines regarding credit rating and investment maturities to safeguard liquidity. Although we are not substantially dependent on a single financing source and have not historically experienced any credit losses related to these financial institutions, if multiple financing sources were to be unable to fulfill their funding obligations to us, it could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

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Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and our Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act). Based on that evaluation, our CEO and CFO concluded that such disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the requisite time periods specified in the applicable rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our CEO and CFO, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2026 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Inherent Limitation on the Effectiveness of Internal Control

The effectiveness of any system of internal control over financial reporting is subject to inherent limitations, including the exercise of judgment in designing, implementing, operating, and evaluating the controls and procedures, and the inability to eliminate misconduct completely. Accordingly, any system of internal control over financial reporting, no matter how well designed and operated, can only provide reasonable, not absolute assurance that its objectives will be met. In addition, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. We intend to continue to monitor and upgrade our internal controls as necessary or appropriate for our business but such improvements will be subject to the same inherent limitations outlined in this section.

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Part II - Other Information

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

Please refer to Note 7. Commitments and Contingencies of the accompanying notes to our interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

From time to time, we may be subject to other legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business. We are not presently a party to any such other legal proceedings that, if determined adversely to us, would individually or taken together have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows. The results of any current or future litigation cannot be predicted with certainty, and regardless of the outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on us because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources, and other factors.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

The risks described under the heading “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2026 could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, future prospects, and the trading price of our Class A common stock. The risks and uncertainties described therein are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties that we are unaware of or that we currently deem immaterial may also become important factors that adversely affect our business.

You should carefully read and consider such risks, together with all of the other information in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2026, in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (including the disclosures in the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and in our interim condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes), and in the other documents that we file with the SEC.

There have been no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed under the heading “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2026.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

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Item 5. Other Information

During the three months ended September 30, 2026, the following directors and officers of the Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K, as follows:

On September 10, 2026, Noel Watson, a member of our Board of Directors, adopted a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement providing for the sale of the Company's Class A common stock that is intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Exchange Act Rule 10b5-1(c) (a “Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plan”). Mr. Watson’s Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plan provides for the sale of up to 13,100 shares of our Class A common stock on or after December 10, 2026 until August 31, 2027, or earlier if all transactions under the trading arrangement are completed. A portion of these shares may be sold pursuant to one or more limit orders.

On September 14, 2026, Michael Linford, our President, adopted a Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plan. Mr. Linford’s Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plan provides for the exercise of up to 354,651 employee stock options, less any employee stock options that were exercised under Mr. Linford's previous Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plan entered into on December 9, 2025, and the sale of the underlying shares of our Class A common stock pursuant to one or more limit orders on or after December 14, 2026 until September 1, 2027, or earlier if all transactions under the trading arrangement are completed.

On September 15, 2026, Siphelele Jiyane, our Chief Accounting Officer, adopted a Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plan. Ms. Jiyane’s Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plan provides for the sale of up to 119,705 shares of our Class A common stock pursuant to one or more limit orders on or after December 15, 2026 until June 15, 2027, or earlier if all transactions under the trading arrangement are completed.

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Item 6. Exhibits

Incorporated by Reference

Exhibit Number

Description

Form

File No.

Exhibit

Filing Date

Filed Herewith

10.1+

Form of RSU Agreement pursuant to the Affirm Holdings, Inc. Amended and Restated 2012 Stock Plan

10.2+

Form of PSU Agreement pursuant to the Affirm Holdings, Inc. Amended and Restated 2012 Stock Plan

31.1

Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Exchange Act, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

31.2

Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Exchange Act, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32.1

Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32.2

Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

101.INS

XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document

101.SCH

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

104

Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized,


	AFFIRM HOLDINGS, INC.

Date: November 5, 2026	By:	/s/ Max Levchin
		Max Levchin
		Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

	By:	/s/ Rob O’Hare
		Rob O’Hare
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer)

Document

Exhibit 10.1

AFFIRM HOLDINGS, INC.

AMENDED AND RESTATED 2012 STOCK PLAN

GLOBAL NOTICE OF RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT GRANT

Affirm Holdings, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “Company”), pursuant to the Affirm Holdings, Inc. Amended and Restated 2012 Stock Plan and any applicable sub-plan for a particular country, as applicable (together, the “Plan”), has granted to Grantee set forth below (“Grantee”), as of the date set forth below (the “Date of Grant”), a restricted stock unit award covering the number of units set forth below (the “RSUs”), each of which represents one (1) share of the Company’s class A common stock (“Common Stock” and the shares of Common Stock underlying the RSUs, the “Shares”). The RSUs are subject to all of the terms and conditions set forth in this Global Notice of Restricted Stock Unit Grant (the “Grant Notice”) and the Global Restricted Stock Unit Agreement, including the additional terms and conditions for certain countries, as set forth in the addendum attached thereto (the “Addendum” and, together, the “RSU Agreement”) and the Plan, both of which are attached hereto and incorporated herein in their entirety. Capitalized terms not explicitly defined in this Grant Notice but defined in the Plan or the RSU Agreement will have the same definitions as in the Plan or the RSU Agreement. In the event of any conflict between the terms of the Grant Notice and the Plan, the terms of the Plan will control.


Grantee:			«Name of Grantee»
Board Approval Date:			«Date of Board Approval»
Date of Grant:			«Date of Grant»
Total Number of Restricted Stock Units Granted:			«Total Shares»
Vesting Commencement Date:			«Vesting Commencement Date»
Vesting Schedule:			«Vesting Schedule» So long as Grantee’s Continuous Service Status does not terminate (and provided that no vesting shall occur following the date of such termination), the RSUs shall vest in accordance with the vesting schedule above. Each tranche of RSUs that vests, or is scheduled to vest, pursuant to this Grant Notice is hereby designated as a “separate payment” for purposes of U.S. Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-2(b)(2).


[Vesting Acceleration (for employees at the SVP level or above):]			[If, within the three (3) months prior to or twelve (12) months following the occurrence of a Change in Control, Grantee’s Continuous Service Status is terminated by the Company without Cause (other than due to Grantee’s death or Disability) or Grantee resigns for Good Reason, then one hundred percent (100%) of the remaining unvested RSUs granted hereunder shall immediately vest as of the later of the Grantee's termination or the Change in Control, pursuant to and in accordance with the terms of the Company’s Officer Severance Plan. Furthermore, if Grantee’s Continuous Service Status is terminated due to Grantee’s death or Disability, then Grantee shall receive twelve (12) months of accelerated vesting with respect to the then-unvested RSUs granted hereunder pursuant to and in accordance with the terms set forth in the RSU Agreement.]
[Vesting Acceleration (for employees below the SVP level):]			[If, within the three (3) months prior to or twelve (12) months following the occurrence of a Change in Control, Grantee’s Continuous Service Status is terminated by the Company without Cause (other than due to Grantee’s death or Disability), then one hundred percent (100%) of the remaining unvested RSUs granted hereunder shall immediately vest as of the later of the Grantee's termination or the Change in Control, pursuant to and in accordance with the terms of the Company’s Employee Severance Plan. Furthermore, if Grantee’s Continuous Service Status is terminated due to Grantee’s death or Disability, then Grantee shall receive twelve (12) months of accelerated vesting with respect to the then-unvested RSUs granted hereunder pursuant to and in accordance with the terms set forth in the RSU Agreement.]
Issuance Schedule:			Upon vesting, RSUs shall be settled in Shares on a date determined by the Company, in its sole and absolute discretion (but in no event later than two and one-half (2 ½) months after the end of the year in which the vesting date occurs). Further, notwithstanding anything stated herein, in the RSU Agreement, the Plan or any other agreement applicable to the RSUs, the Company shall have the discretion to settle the RSUs prior to the time set forth herein to the extent permitted by U.S. Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-3(j)(4).

By your signature and the signature of the Company’s representative below, or by your acceptance of the RSU Agreement via the Company’s designated electronic acceptance

procedures, you and the Company agree that (i) the RSUs are granted under and governed by the terms and conditions of the Affirm Holdings, Inc. Amended and Restated 2012 Stock Plan and the RSU Agreement, both of which are attached and made a part of this document and (ii) the RSUs granted hereby are in full satisfaction of any promise of a grant of restricted stock units to you as may be set forth in an offer letter (or similar agreement) between you and the Company.

In addition, you agree and acknowledge that your rights to any Shares upon the settlement of the RSUs will be received only when the RSUs vest, that the grant of the RSUs is not as consideration for services you rendered to the Company prior to your Vesting Commencement Date, and that nothing in this Grant Notice or the attached documents should be interpreted as forming or amending an employment or service contract with the Company or any Parent, Subsidiary or Affiliate or confers upon you any right to continue your employment or consulting relationship with the Company or any Parent, Subsidiary or Affiliate for any period of time, nor does it interfere in any way with your right or the right of the Company or any Parent, Subsidiary or Affiliate to terminate that relationship at any time, for any reason, with or without cause.

[Remainder of Page Intentionally Blank]

Company:

Affirm Holdings, Inc.

By:

Title:

Grantee:

Name:

AFFIRM HOLDINGS, INC.

2012 AMENDED AND RESTATED STOCK PLAN

GLOBAL RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT

Pursuant to your Global Notice of Restricted Stock Unit Grant (the “Grant Notice”) and this Global Restricted Stock Unit Agreement, including the additional terms and conditions for certain countries, as set forth in the addendum attached hereto (the “Addendum” and, together, the “Agreement”), Affirm Holdings, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “Company”), has granted you (“Grantee”), as of the Date of Grant set forth in the Grant Notice, a restricted stock unit award covering the number of units set forth in your Grant Notice (the “RSUs”), each of which represents one (1) share of the Company’s class A common stock (“Common Stock” and the shares of Common Stock underlying the RSUs, the “Shares”), pursuant to the Company’s Amended and Restated 2012 Stock Plan and any applicable sub-plan for a particular country (together, the “Plan”). Capitalized terms not explicitly defined in this Agreement but defined in the Plan or in the Grant Notice shall have the meaning ascribed to them in the Plan or in the Grant Notice. In the event of any conflict between the terms of this Agreement and the Plan, the terms of the Plan will control.

1.No Stockholder Rights. Unless and until such time as Shares are issued pursuant to this Agreement in settlement of vested RSUs, Grantee shall have no ownership of the Shares allocated to the RSUs, including, without limitation, no right to dividends (or dividend equivalents) or to vote such Shares.

2.Termination of Employment. Except as otherwise provided in the Plan or the Grant Notice, if Grantee’s Continuous Service Status terminates at any time for any reason (other than due to Grantee’s death or Disability), all RSUs for which vesting is no longer possible under the terms of the Grant Notice and this Agreement shall be forfeited to the Company on the date of such termination of Continuous Service Status, and all rights of Grantee to such RSUs shall immediately terminate at such time. If Grantee’s Continuous Service Status terminates due to death or Disability, Grantee shall receive twelve (12) months of accelerated vesting with respect to the then-unvested RSUs granted pursuant to and in accordance with the terms under this Agreement. For purposes of the RSUs, Grantee’s Continuous Service Status will be considered terminated as of the date Grantee is no longer actively providing services to the Company or, if different, Grantee’s employer (the “Employer”) (regardless of the reason for such termination and whether or not later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where Grantee is providing services or the terms of Grantee’s employment or service agreement, if any). Further, unless otherwise approved by the Company, Grantee’s right to vest in the RSUs will terminate as of such date and will not be extended by any contractual notice period or any period of “garden leave” or similar notice period mandated under employment laws in the jurisdiction where Grantee is employed or the terms of Grantee’s employment agreement, if any. The Administrator shall have the exclusive discretion to determine when Grantee is no longer actively providing services for purposes of Grantee’s RSUs (including whether Grantee may still be considered to be providing services while on a leave of absence). For the avoidance of doubt,

Grantee is not entitled to pro-rata vesting of any Shares if Grantee is employed for only a portion of the vesting period, but no longer employed on the respective vesting date.

3.Issuance of Shares of Stock. As soon as practicable following each vesting date (but in no event later than two and one-half (2 ½) months after the end of the year in which the vesting date occurs), the Company shall issue to Grantee the number of Shares equal to the aggregate number of RSUs that have vested pursuant to Grant Notice on such date and Grantee shall thereafter have all the rights of a stockholder of the Company with respect to such shares.

4.Incorporation of Plan. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, this Agreement shall be subject to and governed by all the terms and conditions of the Plan, including the powers of the Administrator set forth in Section 4 of the Plan. Capitalized terms in this Agreement shall have the meaning specified in the Plan, unless a different meaning is specified herein.

5.Responsibility for Taxes.

(a)As a condition to the grant, vesting, and settlement of the RSUs, Grantee acknowledges that, regardless of any action taken by the Company or the Employer, the ultimate liability for all income tax, social security contributions, social insurance, payroll tax, fringe benefits tax, payment on account or other tax-related items (or any equivalent or similar taxes, contributions or other relevant tax-related items in any relevant jurisdiction and including any employer's social security contributions or other liability to the extent such amounts may be lawfully recovered from Grantee) or required deductions, withholdings or payments legally applicable to Grantee and related to the receipt, vesting or settlement of the RSUs, the issuance or subsequent sale of the Shares allocated to the RSUs, or the participation in the Plan (“Tax-Related Items”) is and remains Grantee’s responsibility and may exceed the amount actually withheld by the Company or the Employer. Grantee further acknowledges and agrees that Grantee is solely responsible for filing all relevant documentation that may be required in relation to the RSUs or any Tax-Related Items (other than filings or documentation that is the specific obligation of the Company, its Parent, Subsidiaries or Affiliates (the “Company Group”) pursuant to Applicable Laws), such as, but not limited to, personal income tax returns or reporting statements in relation to the receipt, vesting or settlement of the RSUs, the issuance of the Shares allocated to the RSUs, the holding of Shares or any bank or brokerage account, the subsequent sale of Shares, and the receipt of any dividends.

(b)Grantee further acknowledges that the Company and/or the Employer: (i) make no representations or undertakings regarding the treatment of any Tax-Related Items in connection with any aspect of the RSUs, including, but not limited to, the receipt, vesting or settlement of the RSUs, the issuance or subsequent sale of the Shares allocated to the RSUs and the receipt of any dividends; and (ii) do not commit to and are under no obligation to structure the terms of the grant or any aspect of the RSUs to reduce or eliminate Grantee’s liability for Tax-Related Items or achieve any particular tax result. Grantee also understands that Applicable Laws may require varying RSU or Share valuation methods for purposes of calculating Tax-Related Items, and the Company assumes no responsibility or liability in relation to any such

valuation or for any calculation or reporting of income or Tax-Related Items that may be required of Grantee under Applicable Laws.

(c)Further, if Grantee is subject to Tax-Related Items in more than one jurisdiction, Grantee acknowledges that the Company and/or the Employer (or former employer, as applicable) may be required to withhold or account for Tax-Related Items in more than one jurisdiction.

(d)Pursuant to this Agreement and subject to Applicable Laws, Grantee authorizes the Company and/or the Employer, or their respective agents, at their discretion, to satisfy any withholding obligation for Tax-Related Items by (i) withholding from Grantee’s wages or other compensation paid to Grantee by the Company or the Employer, (ii) withholding from proceeds of the sale of Shares acquired pursuant to the RSUs either through a voluntary sale or through a mandatory sale arranged by the Company (on Grantee’s behalf pursuant to this authorization) without further consent, (iii) withholding Shares that would otherwise be issued upon settlement of the RSUs; or (iv) such other method as determined by the Company; provided, however, that if Grantee is subject to Section 16 of the Exchange Act, then the Company will withhold shares pursuant to subsection (iii) hereof unless otherwise determined by the Committee (as constituted to satisfy Rule 16b-3 of the Exchange Act). In the event the Company determines to satisfy any withholding obligation for Tax-Related Items by withholding from proceeds of the sale of Shares as described in subsection (iv) hereof, the Company reserves the right to require Grantee to enter into a trading plan that comports with the requirements of Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Exchange Act with respect to such sale.

(e)Depending on the method of satisfying any withholding obligation for Tax-Related Items, the Company may pay, withhold or account for such Tax-Related Items by considering applicable minimum statutory withholding amounts or other applicable tax or withholding rates, including maximum applicable rates, in Grantee’s jurisdiction(s). In the event of over-withholding, Grantee may receive a refund of any over-withheld amount in cash from the Company or the Employer (with no entitlement to the equivalent in Shares) or, if not so refunded, Grantee may be able to seek a refund from the local tax authorities.

(f)Grantee agrees to pay to the Company or the Employer any amount of Tax-Related Items that the Company or the Employer may be required to pay, withhold or account for as a result of Grantee’s receipt, vesting or settlement of the RSUs, the issuance of the Shares allocated to the RSUs or the participation in the Plan that cannot be satisfied by the means previously described. The Company may refuse to issue or deliver the Shares or the proceeds of the sale of Shares if Grantee fails to comply with his or her obligations in connection with the Tax-Related Items.

(g)Grantee understands that Grantee may suffer adverse tax consequences as a result of Grantee’s receipt, the vesting and/or settlement of the RSUs, the issuance of Shares allocated to the RSUs and/or the disposition of such Shares. Grantee represents that Grantee has consulted any tax consultants Grantee deems advisable in connection with the receipt of the RSUs, the vesting and/or settlement of the RSUs, the issuance of Shares allocated to the RSUs

and/or the disposition of such Shares and that Grantee is not relying on the Company (or the Employer) for any tax advice.

6.Section 409A of the Code. All payments made and benefits provided under this Agreement are intended to be exempt from the requirements of Section 409A of the Code to the maximum extent permitted pursuant to U.S. Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-1(b)(4) so that none of the payments or benefits will be subject to the adverse tax penalties imposed under Section 409A, and any ambiguities herein will be interpreted to be so exempt. In no event will the Company reimburse Grantee for any taxes or other penalties that may be imposed on Grantee as a result of Section 409A and, by accepting the RSUs, Grantee hereby indemnifies the Company for any liability that arises as a result of Section 409A.

7.No Obligation to Continue Employment. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is obligated by or as a result of the Plan or this Agreement to continue Grantee in employment and neither the Plan nor this Agreement shall interfere in any way with the right of the Company or any Subsidiary to terminate Grantee’s employment or consulting relationship, for any reason, with or without cause.

8.No Advice Regarding Grant. The Company is not providing any tax, legal or financial advice, nor is the Company making any recommendations regarding Grantee’s participation in the Plan, or Grantee’s receipt, vesting or settlement of the RSUs or the Shares allocated thereto or the sale of such Shares. Grantee is hereby advised to consult with his or her own personal tax, legal and financial advisors regarding his or her participation in the Plan and the RSUs before accepting the RSUs or otherwise taking any action related to the RSUs or the Plan.

9.Nature of Grant. In accepting the RSUs, Grantee acknowledges, understands and agrees that:

(a)the Plan is established voluntarily by the Company, is discretionary in nature, and may be amended, suspended or terminated by the Company at any time, to the extent permitted by the Plan;

(b)the Plan is operated and the grant of the RSUs is granted solely by the Company and only the Company is a party to this Agreement; accordingly, any rights Grantee may have under this Agreement may be raised only against the Company but not any entity in the Company Group (including, but not limited to, the Employer);

(c)no entity in the Company Group (including, but not limited to, the Employer) has any obligation to make any payment of any kind to Grantee under this Agreement;

(d)the grant of the RSUs is exceptional, voluntary and occasional and does not create any contractual or other right to receive future grants of restricted stock units, or benefits in lieu of restricted stock units, even if restricted stock units have been granted in the past;

(e)all decisions with respect to future restricted stock units or other grants, if any, will be at the sole discretion of the Company;

(f)Grantee is voluntarily participating in the Plan;

(g)the RSUs and the Shares allocated to the RSUs, and the income from and value of same, are not intended to replace any pension rights or compensation and are outside the scope of Grantee’s employment contract, if any;

(h)the RSUs and the Shares allocated to the RSUs, and the income from and value of same, are not part of normal or expected compensation for any purpose, including, without limitation, calculating any severance, resignation, termination, redundancy, dismissal, end-of- service payments, bonuses, long-service awards, holiday pay, pension or retirement or welfare benefits or similar payments;

(i)unless otherwise agreed with the Company in writing, the RSUs and the Shares subject to the RSUs, and the income from and value of same, are not granted as consideration for, or in connection with, the service Grantee may provide as a director of a Subsidiary of the Company;

(j)the future value of the Shares underlying the RSUs is unknown, indeterminable, and cannot be predicted with certainty;

(k) no claim or entitlement to compensation or damages shall arise from forfeiture of the RSUs resulting from the termination of Grantee’s employment or service relationship (for any reason whatsoever, whether or not later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where Grantee is providing services or the terms of Grantee’s employment or service agreement, if any);

(l)unless otherwise provided in the Plan or by the Company in its discretion, the RSUs and the benefits evidenced by this Agreement do not create any entitlement to have the RSUs or any such benefits transferred to, or assumed by, another company nor to be exchanged, cashed out or substituted for, in connection with any corporate transaction affecting the Shares; and

(m)no entity in the Company Group shall be liable for any foreign exchange rate fluctuation between Grantee’s local currency and the United States Dollar or the selection by the Company or any member of the Company Group in its sole discretion of an applicable foreign exchange rate that may affect the value of the RSUs (or the calculation of income or Tax-Related Items thereunder) or of any amounts due to Grantee pursuant to the settlement of the RSUs or the subsequent sale of the Shares allocated to the RSUs.

U.S. mail or a comparable foreign mail service, as certified or registered mail with postage or shipping charges prepaid, addressed to the party to be notified at such party’s address as set forth below, as subsequently modified by written notice, or if no address is specified below, at the most recent address, email or fax number set forth in the Company’s books and records.

If to the Company, to:

221 Main Street

Floor 6

San Francisco, CA 94105
Attn: Chief People Officer

Email: equity@affirm.com

If to Grantee, to: Grantee’s last residence or email address shown on the records of the Company or its affiliates.

11.Data Protection.

(a)To facilitate the administration of the Plan and this Agreement, it will be necessary for the Company (or its payroll administrators) to collect, hold and process certain personal information about Grantee and to transfer this data to certain third parties such as brokers with whom Grantee may elect to deposit any share capital under the Plan. Grantee consents to the Company (or its payroll administrators) collecting, holding and processing Grantee’s personal data and transferring this data to the Company or any other third parties insofar as is reasonably necessary to implement, administer and manage the Plan.

(b)Grantee understands that Grantee may, at any time, view Grantee’s personal data, require any necessary corrections to it or withdraw the consents herein in writing by contacting the Company, but acknowledges that without the use of such data it may not be practicable for the Company to administer Grantee’s involvement in the Plan in a timely fashion or at all and this may be detrimental to Grantee.

12.Miscellaneous.

(a)Governing Law. This Agreement and all acts and transactions pursuant hereto and the rights and obligations of the parties hereto shall be governed, construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of Nevada, without giving effect to principles of conflicts of law.

(b)Jurisdiction and Venue. THE PARTIES CONSENT TO PERSONAL JURISDICTION IN THE STATE OF NEVADA. THE PARTIES AGREE THAT ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING ARISING FROM OR RELATED TO THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE BROUGHT AND TRIED EXCLUSIVELY IN THE STATE OR FEDERAL COURTS LOCATED IN THE STATE OF NEVADA. THE PARTIES IRREVOCABLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY WAIVE ANY OBJECTION TO THE LAYING OF VENUE OF ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING BROUGHT IN ANY SUCH COURT. THE PARTIES

EXPRESSLY ACKNOWLEDGE THAT THE STATE OF NEVADA IS A FAIR, JUST AND REASONABLE FORUM AND AGREE NOT TO SEEK REMOVAL OR TRANSFER OF ANY ACTION FILED BY ANY OF THE OTHER PARTIES IN SUCH COURTS. FURTHERMORE, THE PARTIES IRREVOCABLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY WAIVE ANY CLAIM THAT SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING HAS BEEN BROUGHT IN AN INCONVENIENT FORUM. SERVICE OF ANY PROCESS, SUMMONS, NOTICE OR DOCUMENT BY CERTIFIED MAIL ADDRESSED TO A PARTY AT THE ADDRESS DESIGNATED PURSUANT TO SECTION 10 SHALL BE EFFECTIVE SERVICE OF PROCESS AGAINST SUCH PARTY FOR ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING BROUGHT IN ANY SUCH COURT. A FINAL JUDGMENT IN ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING BROUGHT IN ANY SUCH COURT MAY BE ENFORCED IN ANY OTHER COURT TO WHOSE JURISDICTION ANY OF THE PARTIES IS OR MAY BE SUBJECT.

(c)Addendum and Sub-Plans. Notwithstanding any provisions in this Agreement, the RSUs shall be subject to any special terms and conditions set forth in any Addendum to this Agreement for Grantee’s country (the “Addendum”). Moreover, if Grantee relocates to one of the countries included in the Addendum, the special terms and conditions for such country will apply to Grantee, to the extent the Company determines that the application of such terms and conditions is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons. The Addendum constitutes part of this Agreement. Furthermore, the Plan shall be deemed to include any special terms and conditions set forth in any applicable sub-plan for Grantee’s country, and, if Grantee relocates to a country for which the Company has established a sub-plan, the special terms and conditions for such country will apply to Grantee, to the extent the Company determines that the application of such terms and conditions is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons.

(d)Entire Agreement; Enforcement of Rights; Amendment. This Agreement, together with the Plan and the Grant Notice, sets forth the entire agreement and understanding of the parties relating to the subject matter herein and merges all prior or contemporaneous discussions or agreements between them. Except as contemplated by the Plan, no modification of or amendment to this Agreement, nor any waiver of any rights under this Agreement, shall be effective unless in writing signed by the parties to this Agreement to the extent it would materially and adversely affect the rights of Grantee. The failure by either party to enforce any rights under this Agreement shall not be construed as a waiver of any rights of such party. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Plan or this Agreement, the Company reserves the right to revise this Agreement as it deems necessary or advisable, in its sole discretion and without the consent of Grantee, to comply with Code Section 409A or to otherwise avoid imposition of any additional tax or income recognition under Section 409A of the Code in connection with the RSUs.

(e)Severability. If one or more provisions of this Agreement, the Grant Notice or the Plan are held to be unenforceable under Applicable Laws, the parties agree to renegotiate such provision in good faith. In the event that the parties do not reach a mutually agreeable and enforceable replacement for such provision, then (i) such provision shall be excluded from this Agreement, the Grant Notice and the Plan, (ii) the balance of this Agreement,

the Grant Notice and the Plan shall be interpreted as if such provision were so excluded and (iii) the balance of this Agreement, the Grant Notice and the Plan shall be enforceable in accordance with its terms.

(f)Construction. This Agreement is the result of negotiations between and has been reviewed by each of the parties hereto and their respective counsel, if any; accordingly, this Agreement shall be deemed to be the product of all of the parties hereto, and no ambiguity shall be construed in favor of or against any one of the parties hereto.

(g)Counterparts; Electronic Signature. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original and all of which together shall constitute one instrument. Facsimile, email or other electronic execution and delivery of this Agreement (including, but not limited to, execution by electronic signature or click-through electronic acceptance) shall constitute valid and binding execution and delivery for all purposes and shall be deemed to be, and have the effect of, an original signature.

(h)Successors and Assigns. The rights and benefits of this Agreement shall inure to the benefit of, and be enforceable by the Company’s successors and assigns. The rights and obligations of Grantee under this Agreement may only be assigned with the prior written consent of the Company.

(i)Limitations Applicable to Section 16 Persons. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan or this Agreement, if Grantee is subject to Section 16 of the Exchange Act, the Plan, the Grant Notice and this Agreement shall be subject to any additional limitations set forth in any applicable exemptive rule under Section 16 of the Exchange Act (including any amendment to Rule 16b-3 of the Exchange Act) that are requirements for the application of such exemptive rule. To the extent permitted by Applicable Laws, this Agreement shall be deemed amended to the extent necessary to conform to such applicable exemptive rule.

(j)Imposition of Other Requirements. The Company reserves the right to impose other requirements on Grantee’s participation in the Plan, on the RSUs and on any Shares allocated to the RSUs, to the extent the Company determines it is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons, and to require Grantee to sign any additional agreements or undertakings that may be necessary to accomplish the foregoing.

(k)Electronic Delivery and Participation. The Company may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver to Grantee by email or any other electronic means any documents, elections or notices related to this Agreement, the RSUs, the Shares allocated to the RSUs, Grantee’s current or future participation in the Plan, securities of the Company or any member of the Company Group or any other matter, including documents, elections and/or notices required to be delivered to Grantee by applicable securities law or any other Applicable Laws or the Company’s Amended Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws. By accepting this Agreement, whether electronically or otherwise, Grantee hereby consents to receive such documents and notices by such electronic delivery and agrees to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established and maintained by the Company or a third party designated by the

Company, including, but not limited to, the use of electronic signatures or click-through electronic acceptance of terms and conditions.

(l)Language. Grantee acknowledges that he or she is sufficiently proficient in English, or has consulted with an advisor who is sufficiently proficient in English, so as to allow Grantee to understand the terms and conditions of this Agreement. If Grantee has received this Agreement, or any other documents related to the RSUs and/or the Plan translated into a language other than English and if the meaning of the translated version is different from the English version, the English version will control, unless otherwise required by Applicable Law.

(m)Insider Trading/Market Abuse. By accepting the RSUs, Grantee acknowledges that he or she is bound by all the terms and conditions of the Company’s insider trading policy as may be in effect from time to time. Grantee further acknowledges that, depending on Grantee or his or her broker’s country or the country in which the Shares are listed, he or she may be subject to insider trading restrictions and/or market abuse laws which may affect Grantee’s ability to accept, acquire, sell or otherwise dispose of the Shares, rights to the Shares (e.g., RSUs) or rights linked to the value of the Shares during such times as Grantee is considered to have “inside information” regarding the Company (as defined by the laws in the applicable jurisdictions). Local insider trading laws and regulations may prohibit the cancellation or amendment of orders Grantee placed before Grantee possessed inside information. Furthermore, Grantee could be prohibited from (i) disclosing the inside information to any third party, which may include fellow employees and (ii) “tipping” third parties or causing them otherwise to buy or sell securities. Any restrictions under these laws or regulations are separate from and in addition to any restrictions that may be imposed under the Company’s insider trading policy as may be in effect from time to time. Grantee acknowledges that it is Grantee’s responsibility to comply with any applicable restrictions, and Grantee should speak to his or her personal advisor on this matter.

(n)Foreign Asset/Account, Exchange Control and Tax Reporting. Grantee may be subject to foreign asset/account, exchange control, tax reporting or other requirements which may affect Grantee’s ability acquire or hold RSUs or the Shares or cash received from participating in the Plan (including dividends and the proceeds arising from the sale of the Shares) in a brokerage/bank account outside Grantee’s country. The Applicable Laws of Grantee’s country may require that he or she report such RSUs, Shares, accounts, assets or transactions to the applicable authorities in such country and/or repatriate funds received in connection with the Plan to Grantee’s country within a certain time period or according to certain procedures. Grantee acknowledges that he or she is responsible for ensuring compliance with any applicable requirements and should consult his or her personal legal advisor to ensure compliance with Applicable Laws.

Plan. Grantee hereby agrees to accept as binding, conclusive and final all decisions and interpretations of the Plan Administrator regarding any questions relating to the RSUs.

14.Clawback; Recoupment. By accepting the RSUs and pursuant to Section 9 of the Plan, Grantee acknowledges and agrees that the Company will be entitled, to the extent permitted or required by Applicable Law, Company policy and/or the requirements of a Stock Exchange on which the Shares are listed for trading, in each case, as in effect from time to time, to recoup compensation of whatever kind paid by the Company at any time to Grantee under the Plan; provided, however, that no such recovery of compensation will be an event giving rise to Grantee’s right to resign for “good reason” or “constructive termination” (or similar term) under any agreement between Grantee and the Company.

[Signature Page Follows]

The foregoing Agreement is hereby accepted and the terms and conditions thereof hereby agreed to by the undersigned. Electronic acceptance of this Agreement pursuant to the Company’s instructions to Grantee (including through an online acceptance process) is acceptable.

Company:

Affirm Holdings, Inc.

By:

Title:

Grantee:

Name:

Address:

Document

Exhibit 10.2

AFFIRM HOLDINGS, INC.

AMENDED AND RESTATED 2012 STOCK PLAN

GLOBAL NOTICE OF PERFORMANCE STOCK UNIT GRANT

Affirm Holdings, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “Company”), pursuant to the Affirm Holdings, Inc. Amended and Restated 2012 Stock Plan and any applicable sub-plan for a particular country, as applicable (together, the “Plan”), has granted to Grantee set forth below (“Grantee”), as of the date set forth below (the “Date of Grant”), a performance stock unit award covering the number of units set forth below (the “PSUs”), each of which represents one (1) share of the Company’s class A common stock (“Common Stock” and the shares of Common Stock underlying the PSUs, the “Shares”). The PSUs are subject to all of the terms and conditions set forth in this Global Notice of Performance Stock Unit Grant (the “Grant Notice”) and the Global Performance Stock Unit Agreement, including the additional terms and conditions for certain countries, as set forth in the addendum attached thereto (the “Addendum” and, together, the “PSU Agreement”) and the Plan, both of which are attached hereto and incorporated herein in their entirety. Capitalized terms not explicitly defined in this Grant Notice but defined in the Plan or the PSU Agreement will have the same definitions as in the Plan or the PSU Agreement. In the event of any conflict between the terms of the Grant Notice and the Plan, the terms of the Plan will control.


Grantee:			«Name of Grantee»
Date of Grant:			«Date of Grant»
Initial Target Grant Date Dollar Value:			«Initial Target Grant Date Dollar Value»


● Initial Target Grant Date Dollar Value of RLTC PSUs:			«Initial Target Grant Date Dollar Value re RLTC»
● Initial Target Grant Date Dollar Value of AOI PSUs:			«Initial Target Grant Date Dollar Value re AOI»


Target Number of PSUs:			«Target PSUs»
● Target Number of RLTC PSUs:			«Target PSUs re RLTC»
● Target Number of AOI PSUs:			«Target PSUs re AOI»
Performance Period:			«Beginning Date» - «Ending Date»


Vesting Schedule:			Performance-Based Vesting. All of the PSUs are unearned, nonvested and forfeitable as of the Date of Grant. Subject to satisfaction of the time-based vesting conditions below, the number of PSUs that become earned, if any, shall be determined based on the achievement of the applicable Performance Measures during the Performance Period. The actual number of PSUs earned during the Performance Period shall be determined by the Administrator as soon as practicable following the end of such Performance Period. Any PSUs that do not become earned and vested will be automatically forfeited and all rights of Grantee to such PSUs shall immediately terminate, without payment of any consideration to Grantee. Time-Based Vesting. As of the last day of the Performance Period (such date, the “Vesting Date”), the total number of PSUs earned based on the achievement of the applicable Performance Measures during the Performance Period shall become vested and non-forfeitable, provided, that Grantee remains in Continuous Service Status through the Vesting Date. If Grantee’s Continuous Service Status terminates for any reason at any time prior to the last day of the Performance Period, all PSUs will be automatically forfeited and all rights of Grantee to such PSUs shall immediately terminate, without payment of any consideration to Grantee, except as otherwise noted below.


Vesting Acceleration:			If, within the three (3) months prior to or twelve (12) months following the occurrence of a Change in Control, Grantee’s Continuous Service Status is terminated by the Company without Cause (other than due to Grantee’s death or Disability) or Grantee resigns for Good Reason, then one hundred percent (100%) of the remaining unvested PSUs granted hereunder shall immediately vest as of the later of the Grantee's termination or the Change in Control, at the levels set forth in and pursuant to and in accordance with the terms of the Company’s Officer Severance Plan. Furthermore, the Grantee shall vest in the Target Number of PSUs upon a termination due to Grantee’s death or Disability, in either case, that occurs on or after the second anniversary of the start of the Performance Period and prior to the last day of the Performance Period.
Settlement of PSUs:			Each PSU, to the extent earned and vested, will be settled on a date determined by the Company in its sole and absolute discretion that is as soon as practicable following the Vesting Date, but in no event later than March 15 of the year following the year in which the Performance Period ends. Further, notwithstanding anything stated herein, in the PSU Agreement, the Plan or any other agreement applicable to the PSUs, the Company shall have the discretion to settle the PSUs prior to the time set forth herein to the extent permitted by U.S. Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-3(j)(4).

Definitions for Performance Measures

“Achievement Percentage of Target AOI PSUs” means the level of payout achievement for AOI PSUs based on AOI growth for a given fiscal year during the Performance Period.

“Achievement Percentage of Target RLTC PSUs” means the level of payout achievement for RLTC PSUs based on RLTC growth for a given fiscal year during the Performance Period.

“AOI” means adjusted operating income as published in connection with the release of the Company’s final financial statements.

“AOI Growth Percentage” means the percentage difference between AOI at the end of the applicable measurement period (fiscal year or Performance Period, as applicable) compared to the AOI published in connection with the release of the Company’s financial statements for either (a) the fiscal year immediately preceding the applicable measurement period, or (b) in the case of negative performance over the Performance Period, the fiscal year prior to the start of the Performance Period.

“RLTC” means revenue less transaction costs as published in connection with the release of the Company’s final financial statements.

“RLTC Growth Percentage” means the percentage difference between RLTC at the end of the applicable measurement period (fiscal year or Performance Period, as applicable) compared to the RLTC published in connection with the release of the Company’s financial statements for either (a) the fiscal year immediately preceding the applicable measurement period, or (b) in the case of negative performance over the Performance Period, the fiscal year prior to the start of the Performance Period.

Performance Measures

The tables below set forth the targets for each fiscal year ending during the Performance Period for the following two Performance Measures: RLTC Growth Percentage and AOI Growth Percentage, and the corresponding Achievement Percentage of Target AOI PSUs and Achievement Percentage of Target RLTC PSUs.


Achievement Percentage of Target RLTC PSUs	«Fiscal Year 1» RLTC Growth Percentage	«Fiscal Year 2» RLTC Growth Percentage	«Fiscal Year 3» RLTC Growth Percentage
50% (Threshold)	«Fiscal Year 1 RLTC Threshold Growth Achievement %»	«Fiscal Year 2 RLTC Threshold Growth Achievement %»	«Fiscal Year 3 RLTC Threshold Growth Achievement %»
80% (Underperformance)	«Fiscal Year 1 RLTC Underperformance Growth Achievement %»	«Fiscal Year 2 RLTC Underperformance Growth Achievement %»	«Fiscal Year 3 RLTC Underperformance Growth Achievement %»
100% (Target)	«Fiscal Year 1 RLTC Target Growth Achievement %»	«Fiscal Year 2 RLTC Target Growth Achievement %»	«Fiscal Year 3 RLTC Target Growth Achievement %»
120% (Overperformance)	«Fiscal Year 1 RLTC Overperformance Growth Achievement %»	«Fiscal Year 2 RLTC Overperformance Growth Achievement %»	«Fiscal Year 3 RLTC Overperformance Growth Achievement %»
200% (Maximum)	«Fiscal Year 1 RLTC Maximum Growth Achievement %»	«Fiscal Year 2 RLTC Maximum Growth Achievement %»	«Fiscal Year 3 RLTC Maximum Growth Achievement %»


Achievement Percentage of Target AOI PSUs	«Fiscal Year 1» AOI Growth Percentage	«Fiscal Year 2» AOI Growth Percentage	«Fiscal Year 3» AOI Growth Percentage
50% (Threshold)	«Fiscal Year 1 AOI Threshold Growth Achievement %»	«Fiscal Year 2 AOI Threshold Growth Achievement %»	«Fiscal Year 3 AOI Threshold Growth Achievement %»
80% (Underperformance)	«Fiscal Year 1 AOI Underperformance Growth Achievement %»	«Fiscal Year 2 AOI Underperformance Growth Achievement %»	«Fiscal Year 3 AOI Underperformance Growth Achievement %»
100% (Target)	«Fiscal Year 1 AOI Target Growth Achievement %»	«Fiscal Year 2 AOI Target Growth Achievement %»	«Fiscal Year 3 AOI Target Growth Achievement %»
120% (Overperformance)	«Fiscal Year 1 AOI Overperformance Growth Achievement %»	«Fiscal Year 2 AOI Overperformance Growth Achievement %»	«Fiscal Year 3 AOI Overperformance Growth Achievement %»
200% (Maximum)	«Fiscal Year 1 AOI Maximum Growth Achievement %»	«Fiscal Year 2 AOI Maximum Growth Achievement %»	«Fiscal Year 3 AOI Maximum Growth Achievement %»

To illustrate, below threshold performance for RLTC Growth Percentage for a given fiscal year during the Performance Period results in a 0% Achievement Percentage of Target RLTC PSUs for such year, and below threshold performance for AOI Growth Percentage for a given fiscal year during the Performance Period results in a 0% Achievement Percentage of

Target AOI PSUs. Threshold performance results in a 50% Achievement Percentage of Target RLTC PSUs or 50% Achievement Percentage of Target AOI PSUs, as applicable; target performance results in 100% Achievement Percentage of Target RLTC PSUs or 100% Achievement Percentage of Target AOI PSUs, as applicable; and maximum performance results in 200% Achievement Percentage of Target RLTC PSUs or 200% Achievement Percentage of Target AOI PSUs, as applicable.

If the achieved RLTC Growth Percentage or AOI Growth Percentage falls between the potential growth values set for a given fiscal year in the tables above, the “Achievement Percentage of Target RLTC PSUs” or “Achievement Percentage of Target AOI PSUs,” as applicable, will be determined by linear interpolation between such values (for the avoidance of doubt, there will be no linear interpolation below threshold performance). The RLTC Growth Percentage and AOI Growth Percentage for each fiscal year ending during the Performance Period will be measured and determined by the Administrator as soon as practicable following the last day of each such fiscal year.

Payout Calculations

The “Average RLTC Achievement Percentage” shall be calculated by adding the Achievement Percentages of Target RLTC PSUs for each fiscal year in the Performance Period and dividing such amount by three, rounding to the nearest hundredth of a percent. Similarly, the “Average AOI Achievement Percentage” shall be calculated by adding the Achievement Percentages of Target AOI PSUs for each fiscal year in the Performance Period and dividing such amount by three, rounding to the nearest hundredth of a percent.

The total number of PSUs earned and eligible to vest based on satisfaction of the time-based vesting conditions shall be determined as follows (the “Pre-Adjusted PSU Payout”), calculated separately and added for each of the Target Number of RLTC PSUs and the Target Number of AOI PSUs, rounded down to the nearest whole Share:


Average RLTC Achievement Percentage x Target Number of RLTC PSUs and Average AOI Achievement Percentage x Target Number of AOI PSUs

Flat or Positive Performance Over the Performance Period

If the RLTC Growth Percentage or AOI Growth Percentage achieved over the Performance Period is flat or positive, then the number of RLTC PSUs and AOI PSUs, respectively, earned and eligible to vest based on satisfaction of the time-based vesting conditions shall be based on the relevant Pre-Adjusted PSU Payout and the Adjusted PSU Payout Cap shall not apply.

Negative Performance Over the Performance Period

Notwithstanding the foregoing, if either the RLTC Growth Percentage or AOI Growth Percentage achieved over the Performance Period is negative, then the relevant Pre-Adjusted PSU Payout earned and eligible to vest based on satisfaction of the time-based vesting conditions shall be no more than the following (the “Adjusted PSU Payout Cap”), as calculated separately for each of the Target Number of RLTC PSUs and/or the Target Number of AOI PSUs (if applicable), rounded down to the nearest whole Share:


Initial Target Grant Dollar Value of RLTC PSUs ÷ Company Closing Stock Price at the end of the Performance Period (or on the last trading day preceding the end of the Performance Period) and/or Initial Target Grant Dollar Value of AOI PSUs ÷ Company Closing Stock Price at the end of the Performance Period (or on the last trading day preceding the end of the Performance Period)

Miscellaneous

By your signature and the signature of the Company’s representative below, or by your acceptance of the PSU Agreement via the Company’s designated electronic acceptance procedures, you and the Company agree that (i) the PSUs are granted under and governed by the terms and conditions of the Affirm Holdings, Inc. Amended and Restated 2012 Stock Plan and the PSU Agreement, both of which are attached and made a part of this document and (ii) the PSUs granted hereby are in full satisfaction of any promise of a grant of performance stock units to you as may be set forth in an offer letter (or similar agreement) between you and the Company.

In addition, you agree and acknowledge that your rights to any Shares upon the settlement of the PSUs will be received only when the PSUs vest, that the grant of the PSUs is not as consideration for services you rendered to the Company prior to your Grant Date, and that nothing in this Grant Notice or the attached documents should be interpreted as forming or amending an employment or service contract with the Company or any Parent, Subsidiary or Affiliate or confers upon you any right to continue your employment or consulting relationship with the Company or any Parent, Subsidiary or Affiliate for any period of time, nor does it interfere in any way with your right or the right of the Company or any Parent, Subsidiary or Affiliate to terminate that relationship at any time, for any reason, with or without cause.

[Remainder of Page Intentionally Blank]

Company:

Affirm Holdings, Inc.

By:

Title:

Grantee:

Name:

AFFIRM HOLDINGS, INC.

2012 AMENDED AND RESTATED STOCK PLAN

GLOBAL PERFORMANCE STOCK UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT

Pursuant to your Global Notice of Performance Stock Unit Grant (the “Grant Notice”) and this Global Performance Stock Unit Agreement, including the additional terms and conditions for certain countries, as set forth in the addendum attached hereto (the “Addendum” and, together, the “Agreement”), Affirm Holdings, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “Company”), has granted you (“Grantee”), as of the Date of Grant set forth in the Grant Notice, a performance stock unit award covering the number of units set forth in your Grant Notice (the “PSUs”), each of which represents one (1) share of the Company’s class A common stock (“Common Stock” and the shares of Common Stock underlying the PSUs, the “Shares”), pursuant to the Company’s Amended and Restated 2012 Stock Plan and any applicable sub-plan for a particular country (together, the “Plan”). Capitalized terms not explicitly defined in this Agreement but defined in the Plan or in the Grant Notice shall have the meaning ascribed to them in the Plan or in the Grant Notice. In the event of any conflict between the terms of this Agreement and the Plan, the terms of the Plan will control.

1. No Stockholder Rights. Unless and until such time as Shares are issued pursuant to this Agreement in settlement of vested PSUs, Grantee shall have no ownership of the Shares allocated to the PSUs, including, without limitation, no right to dividends (or dividend equivalents) or to vote such Shares.

2. Termination of Employment. Except as otherwise provided in the Plan or the Grant Notice, if Grantee’s Continuous Service Status terminates at any time for any reason, all PSUs for which vesting is no longer possible under the terms of the Grant Notice and this Agreement shall be forfeited to the Company on the date of such termination of Continuous Service Status, and all rights of Grantee to such PSUs shall immediately terminate at such time, except that the Grantee shall vest in the Target Number of PSUs upon a termination due to Grantee’s death or Disability, in either case, that occurs on or after the second anniversary of the start of the Performance Period and prior to the last day of the Performance Period. For purposes of the PSUs, Grantee’s Continuous Service Status will be considered terminated as of the date Grantee is no longer actively providing services to the Company or, if different, Grantee’s employer (the “Employer”) (regardless of the reason for such termination and whether or not later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where Grantee is providing services or the terms of Grantee’s employment or service agreement, if any). Further, unless otherwise approved by the Company, Grantee’s right to vest in the PSUs will terminate as of such date and will not be extended by any contractual notice period or any period of “garden leave” or similar notice period mandated under employment laws in the jurisdiction where Grantee is employed or the terms of Grantee’s employment agreement, if any. The Administrator shall have the exclusive discretion to determine when Grantee is no longer actively providing services for purposes of Grantee’s PSUs (including whether Grantee may still be considered to be providing services while on a leave of absence). For the avoidance of doubt, Grantee is not

entitled to pro-rata vesting of any Shares if Grantee is employed for only a portion of the vesting period, but no longer employed on the respective vesting date.

3. Issuance of Shares of Stock. The Company shall issue to Grantee the number of Shares determined pursuant to the Grant Notice on a date determined by the Company in its sole and absolute discretion that is as soon as practicable following the Vesting Date, but in no event later than March 15 of the year following the year in which the Performance Period ends, and Grantee shall thereafter have all the rights of a stockholder of the Company with respect to such shares.

5. Responsibility for Taxes.

(a) As a condition to the grant, vesting, and settlement of the PSUs, Grantee acknowledges that, regardless of any action taken by the Company or the Employer, the ultimate liability for all income tax, social security contributions, social insurance, payroll tax, fringe benefits tax, payment on account or other tax-related items (or any equivalent or similar taxes, contributions or other relevant tax-related items in any relevant jurisdiction and including any employer's social security contributions or other liability to the extent such amounts may be lawfully recovered from Grantee) or required deductions, withholdings or payments legally applicable to Grantee and related to the receipt, vesting or settlement of the PSUs, the issuance or subsequent sale of the Shares allocated to the PSUs, or the participation in the Plan (“Tax-Related Items”) is and remains Grantee’s responsibility and may exceed the amount actually withheld by the Company or the Employer. Grantee further acknowledges and agrees that Grantee is solely responsible for filing all relevant documentation that may be required in relation to the PSUs or any Tax-Related Items (other than filings or documentation that is the specific obligation of the Company, its Parent, Subsidiaries or Affiliates (the “Company Group”) pursuant to Applicable Laws), such as, but not limited to, personal income tax returns or reporting statements in relation to the receipt, vesting or settlement of the PSUs, the issuance of the Shares allocated to the PSUs, the holding of Shares or any bank or brokerage account, the subsequent sale of Shares, and the receipt of any dividends.

(b) Grantee further acknowledges that the Company and/or the Employer: (i) make no representations or undertakings regarding the treatment of any Tax-Related Items in connection with any aspect of the PSUs, including, but not limited to, the receipt, vesting or settlement of the PSUs, the issuance or subsequent sale of the Shares allocated to the PSUs and the receipt of any dividends; and (ii) do not commit to and are under no obligation to structure the terms of the grant or any aspect of the PSUs to reduce or eliminate Grantee’s liability for Tax-Related Items or achieve any particular tax result. Grantee also understands that Applicable Laws may require varying PSU or Share valuation methods for purposes of calculating Tax-Related Items, and the Company assumes no responsibility or liability in relation to any such valuation or for any calculation or reporting of income or Tax-Related Items that may be required of Grantee under Applicable Laws.

(c) Further, if Grantee is subject to Tax-Related Items in more than one jurisdiction, Grantee acknowledges that the Company and/or the Employer (or former employer, as applicable) may be required to withhold or account for Tax-Related Items in more than one jurisdiction.

(d) Pursuant to this Agreement and subject to Applicable Laws, Grantee authorizes the Company and/or the Employer, or their respective agents, at their discretion, to satisfy any withholding obligation for Tax-Related Items by (i) withholding from Grantee’s wages or other compensation paid to Grantee by the Company or the Employer, (ii) withholding from proceeds of the sale of Shares acquired pursuant to the PSUs either through a voluntary sale or through a mandatory sale arranged by the Company (on Grantee’s behalf pursuant to this authorization) without further consent, (iii) withholding Shares that would otherwise be issued upon settlement of the PSUs; or (iv) such other method as determined by the Company; provided, however, that if Grantee is subject to Section 16 of the Exchange Act, then the Company will withhold shares pursuant to subsection (iii) hereof unless otherwise determined by the Administrator (as constituted to satisfy Rule 16b-3 of the Exchange Act). In the event the Company determines to satisfy any withholding obligation for Tax-Related Items by withholding from proceeds of the sale of Shares as described in subsection (iv) hereof, the Company reserves the right to require Grantee to enter into a trading plan that comports with the requirements of Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Exchange Act with respect to such sale.

(e) Depending on the method of satisfying any withholding obligation for Tax-Related Items, the Company may pay, withhold or account for such Tax-Related Items by considering applicable minimum statutory withholding amounts or other applicable tax or withholding rates, including maximum applicable rates, in Grantee’s jurisdiction(s). In the event of over-withholding, Grantee may receive a refund of any over-withheld amount in cash from the Company or the Employer (with no entitlement to the equivalent in Shares) or, if not so refunded, Grantee may be able to seek a refund from the local tax authorities.

(f) Grantee agrees to pay to the Company or the Employer any amount of Tax-Related Items that the Company or the Employer may be required to pay, withhold or account for as a result of Grantee’s receipt, vesting or settlement of the PSUs, the issuance of the Shares allocated to the PSUs or the participation in the Plan that cannot be satisfied by the means previously described. The Company may refuse to issue or deliver the Shares or the proceeds of the sale of Shares if Grantee fails to comply with his or her obligations in connection with the Tax-Related Items.

(g) Grantee understands that Grantee may suffer adverse tax consequences as a result of Grantee’s receipt, the vesting and/or settlement of the PSUs, the issuance of Shares allocated to the PSUs and/or the disposition of such Shares. Grantee represents that Grantee has consulted any tax consultants Grantee deems advisable in connection with the receipt of the PSUs, the vesting and/or settlement of the PSUs, the issuance of Shares allocated to the PSUs and/or the disposition of such Shares and that Grantee is not relying on the Company (or the Employer) for any tax advice.

6. Section 409A of the Code. All payments made and benefits provided under this Agreement are intended to be exempt from the requirements of Section 409A of the Code to the maximum extent permitted pursuant to U.S. Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-1(b)(4) so that none of the payments or benefits will be subject to the adverse tax penalties imposed under Section 409A, and any ambiguities herein will be interpreted to be so exempt. In no event will the Company reimburse Grantee for any taxes or other penalties that may be imposed on Grantee as a result of Section 409A and, by accepting the PSUs, Grantee hereby indemnifies the Company for any liability that arises as a result of Section 409A.

7. No Obligation to Continue Employment. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is obligated by or as a result of the Plan or this Agreement to continue Grantee in employment and neither the Plan nor this Agreement shall interfere in any way with the right of the Company or any Subsidiary to terminate Grantee’s employment or consulting relationship, for any reason, with or without cause.

8. No Advice Regarding Grant. The Company is not providing any tax, legal or financial advice, nor is the Company making any recommendations regarding Grantee’s participation in the Plan, or Grantee’s receipt, vesting or settlement of the PSUs or the Shares allocated thereto or the sale of such Shares. Grantee is hereby advised to consult with his or her own personal tax, legal and financial advisors regarding his or her participation in the Plan and the PSUs before accepting the PSUs or otherwise taking any action related to the PSUs or the Plan.

9. Nature of Grant. In accepting the PSUs, Grantee acknowledges, understands and agrees that:

(a) the Plan is established voluntarily by the Company, is discretionary in nature, and may be amended, suspended or terminated by the Company at any time, to the extent permitted by the Plan;

(b) the Plan is operated and the grant of the PSUs is granted solely by the Company and only the Company is a party to this Agreement; accordingly, any rights Grantee may have under this Agreement may be raised only against the Company but not any entity in the Company Group (including, but not limited to, the Employer);

(c) no entity in the Company Group (including, but not limited to, the Employer) has any obligation to make any payment of any kind to Grantee under this Agreement;

(d) the grant of the PSUs is exceptional, voluntary and occasional and does not create any contractual or other right to receive future grants of PSUs, or benefits in lieu of PSUs, even if PSUs have been granted in the past;

(e) all decisions with respect to future performance stock units or other grants, if any, will be at the sole discretion of the Company;

(f) Grantee is voluntarily participating in the Plan;

(g) the PSUs and the Shares allocated to the PSUs, and the income from and value of same, are not intended to replace any pension rights or compensation and are outside the scope of Grantee’s employment contract, if any;

(h) the PSUs and the Shares allocated to the PSUs, and the income from and value of same, are not part of normal or expected compensation for any purpose, including, without limitation, calculating any severance, resignation, termination, redundancy, dismissal, end-of- service payments, bonuses, long-service awards, holiday pay, pension or retirement or welfare benefits or similar payments;

(i) unless otherwise agreed with the Company in writing, the PSUs and the Shares subject to the PSUs, and the income from and value of same, are not granted as consideration for, or in connection with, the service Grantee may provide as a director of a Subsidiary of the Company;

(j) the future value of the Shares underlying the PSUs is unknown, indeterminable, and cannot be predicted with certainty;

(k) no claim or entitlement to compensation or damages shall arise from forfeiture of the PSUs resulting from the termination of Grantee’s employment or service relationship (for any reason whatsoever, whether or not later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where Grantee is providing services or the terms of Grantee’s employment or service agreement, if any);

(l) unless otherwise provided in the Plan or by the Company in its discretion, the PSUs and the benefits evidenced by this Agreement do not create any entitlement to have the PSUs or any such benefits transferred to, or assumed by, another company nor to be exchanged, cashed out or substituted for, in connection with any corporate transaction affecting the Shares; and

(m) no entity in the Company Group shall be liable for any foreign exchange rate fluctuation between Grantee’s local currency and the United States Dollar or the selection by the Company or any member of the Company Group in its sole discretion of an applicable foreign exchange rate that may affect the value of the PSUs (or the calculation of income or Tax-Related Items thereunder) or of any amounts due to Grantee pursuant to the settlement of the PSUs or the subsequent sale of the Shares allocated to the PSUs.

10. Notices. Any notice, demand or request required or permitted to be given under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed sufficient when delivered personally or by overnight courier or sent by email or fax, or forty-eight (48) hours after being deposited in the U.S. mail or a comparable foreign mail service, as certified or registered mail with postage or shipping charges prepaid, addressed to the party to be notified at such party’s address as set forth

below, as subsequently modified by written notice, or if no address is specified below, at the most recent address, email or fax number set forth in the Company’s books and records.

If to the Company, to:

221 Main Street

Floor 6

San Francisco, CA 94105

Attn: Chief People Officer

Email: equity@affirm.com

If to Grantee, to: Grantee’s last residence or email address shown on the records of the Company or its affiliates.

11. Data Protection.

(a) To facilitate the administration of the Plan and this Agreement, it will be necessary for the Company (or its payroll administrators) to collect, hold and process certain personal information about Grantee and to transfer this data to certain third parties such as brokers with whom Grantee may elect to deposit any share capital under the Plan. Grantee consents to the Company (or its payroll administrators) collecting, holding and processing Grantee’s personal data and transferring this data to the Company or any other third parties insofar as is reasonably necessary to implement, administer and manage the Plan.

(b) Grantee understands that Grantee may, at any time, view Grantee’s personal data, require any necessary corrections to it or withdraw the consents herein in writing by contacting the Company, but acknowledges that without the use of such data it may not be practicable for the Company to administer Grantee’s involvement in the Plan in a timely fashion or at all and this may be detrimental to Grantee.

12. Miscellaneous.

(a) Governing Law. This Agreement and all acts and transactions pursuant hereto and the rights and obligations of the parties hereto shall be governed, construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of Nevada, without giving effect to principles of conflicts of law.

(b) Jurisdiction and Venue. THE PARTIES CONSENT TO PERSONAL JURISDICTION IN THE STATE OF NEVADA. THE PARTIES AGREE THAT ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING ARISING FROM OR RELATED TO THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE BROUGHT AND TRIED EXCLUSIVELY IN THE STATE OR FEDERAL COURTS LOCATED IN THE STATE OF NEVADA. THE PARTIES IRREVOCABLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY WAIVE ANY OBJECTION TO THE LAYING OF VENUE OF ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING BROUGHT IN ANY SUCH COURT. THE PARTIES EXPRESSLY ACKNOWLEDGE THAT THE STATE OF NEVADA IS A FAIR, JUST AND REASONABLE FORUM AND AGREE NOT TO SEEK REMOVAL OR TRANSFER OF

ANY ACTION FILED BY ANY OF THE OTHER PARTIES IN SUCH COURTS. FURTHERMORE, THE PARTIES IRREVOCABLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY WAIVE ANY CLAIM THAT SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING HAS BEEN BROUGHT IN AN INCONVENIENT FORUM. SERVICE OF ANY PROCESS, SUMMONS, NOTICE OR DOCUMENT BY CERTIFIED MAIL ADDRESSED TO A PARTY AT THE ADDRESS DESIGNATED PURSUANT TO SECTION 10 SHALL BE EFFECTIVE SERVICE OF PROCESS AGAINST SUCH PARTY FOR ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING BROUGHT IN ANY SUCH COURT. A FINAL JUDGMENT IN ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING BROUGHT IN ANY SUCH COURT MAY BE ENFORCED IN ANY OTHER COURT TO WHOSE JURISDICTION ANY OF THE PARTIES IS OR MAY BE SUBJECT.

(c) Addendum and Sub-Plans. Notwithstanding any provisions in this Agreement, the PSUs shall be subject to any special terms and conditions set forth in any Addendum to this Agreement for Grantee’s country (the “Addendum”). Moreover, if Grantee relocates to one of the countries included in the Addendum, the special terms and conditions for such country will apply to Grantee, to the extent the Company determines that the application of such terms and conditions is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons. The Addendum constitutes part of this Agreement. Furthermore, the Plan shall be deemed to include any special terms and conditions set forth in any applicable sub-plan for Grantee’s country, and, if Grantee relocates to a country for which the Company has established a sub-plan, the special terms and conditions for such country will apply to Grantee, to the extent the Company determines that the application of such terms and conditions is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons.

(d) Entire Agreement; Enforcement of Rights; Amendment. This Agreement, together with the Plan and the Grant Notice, sets forth the entire agreement and understanding of the parties relating to the subject matter herein and merges all prior or contemporaneous discussions or agreements between them. Except as contemplated by the Plan, no modification of or amendment to this Agreement, nor any waiver of any rights under this Agreement, shall be effective unless in writing signed by the parties to this Agreement to the extent it would materially and adversely affect the rights of Grantee. The failure by either party to enforce any rights under this Agreement shall not be construed as a waiver of any rights of such party. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Plan or this Agreement, the Company reserves the right to revise this Agreement as it deems necessary or advisable, in its sole discretion and without the consent of Grantee, to comply with Code Section 409A or to otherwise avoid imposition of any additional tax or income recognition under Section 409A of the Code in connection with the PSUs.

(e) Severability. If one or more provisions of this Agreement, the Grant Notice or the Plan are held to be unenforceable under Applicable Laws, the parties agree to renegotiate such provision in good faith. In the event that the parties do not reach a mutually agreeable and enforceable replacement for such provision, then (i) such provision shall be excluded from this Agreement, the Grant Notice and the Plan, (ii) the balance of this Agreement, the Grant Notice and the Plan shall be interpreted as if such provision were so excluded and (iii)

the balance of this Agreement, the Grant Notice and the Plan shall be enforceable in accordance with its terms.

(f) Construction. This Agreement is the result of negotiations between and has been reviewed by each of the parties hereto and their respective counsel, if any; accordingly, this Agreement shall be deemed to be the product of all of the parties hereto, and no ambiguity shall be construed in favor of or against any one of the parties hereto.

(g) Counterparts; Electronic Signature. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original and all of which together shall constitute one instrument. Facsimile, email or other electronic execution and delivery of this Agreement (including, but not limited to, execution by electronic signature or click-through electronic acceptance) shall constitute valid and binding execution and delivery for all purposes and shall be deemed to be, and have the effect of, an original signature.

(h) Successors and Assigns. The rights and benefits of this Agreement shall inure to the benefit of, and be enforceable by, the Company’s successors and assigns. The rights and obligations of Grantee under this Agreement may only be assigned with the prior written consent of the Company.

(i) Limitations Applicable to Section 16 Persons. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan or this Agreement, if Grantee is subject to Section 16 of the Exchange Act, the Plan, the Grant Notice and this Agreement shall be subject to any additional limitations set forth in any applicable exemptive rule under Section 16 of the Exchange Act (including any amendment to Rule 16b-3 of the Exchange Act) that are requirements for the application of such exemptive rule. To the extent permitted by Applicable Laws, this Agreement shall be deemed amended to the extent necessary to conform to such applicable exemptive rule.

(j) Imposition of Other Requirements. The Company reserves the right to impose other requirements on Grantee’s participation in the Plan, on the PSUs and on any Shares allocated to the PSUs, to the extent the Company determines it is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons, and to require Grantee to sign any additional agreements or undertakings that may be necessary to accomplish the foregoing.

(k) Electronic Delivery and Participation. The Company may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver to Grantee by email or any other electronic means any documents, elections or notices related to this Agreement, the PSUs, the Shares allocated to the PSUs, Grantee’s current or future participation in the Plan, securities of the Company or any member of the Company Group or any other matter, including documents, elections and/or notices required to be delivered to Grantee by applicable securities law or any other Applicable Laws or the Company’s Amended Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws. By accepting this Agreement, whether electronically or otherwise, Grantee hereby consents to receive such documents and notices by such electronic delivery and agrees to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established and maintained by the Company or a third party designated by the Company, including, but not limited to, the use of electronic signatures or click-through electronic acceptance of terms and conditions.

(l) Language. Grantee acknowledges that he or she is sufficiently proficient in English, or has consulted with an advisor who is sufficiently proficient in English, so as to allow Grantee to understand the terms and conditions of this Agreement. If Grantee has received this Agreement, or any other documents related to the PSUs and/or the Plan translated into a language other than English and if the meaning of the translated version is different from the English version, the English version will control, unless otherwise required by Applicable Laws.

(m) Insider Trading/Market Abuse. By accepting the PSUs, Grantee acknowledges that he or she is bound by all the terms and conditions of the Company’s insider trading policy as may be in effect from time to time. Grantee further acknowledges that, depending on Grantee or his or her broker’s country or the country in which the Shares are listed, he or she may be subject to insider trading restrictions and/or market abuse laws which may affect Grantee’s ability to accept, acquire, sell or otherwise dispose of the Shares, rights to the Shares (e.g., PSUs) or rights linked to the value of the Shares during such times as Grantee is considered to have “inside information” regarding the Company (as defined by the laws in the applicable jurisdictions). Local insider trading laws and regulations may prohibit the cancellation or amendment of orders Grantee placed before Grantee possessed inside information. Furthermore, Grantee could be prohibited from (i) disclosing the inside information to any third party, which may include fellow employees and (ii) “tipping” third parties or causing them otherwise to buy or sell securities. Any restrictions under these laws or regulations are separate from and in addition to any restrictions that may be imposed under the Company’s insider trading policy as may be in effect from time to time. Grantee acknowledges that it is Grantee’s responsibility to comply with any applicable restrictions, and Grantee should speak to his or her personal advisor on this matter.

(n) Foreign Asset/Account, Exchange Control and Tax Reporting. Grantee may be subject to foreign asset/account, exchange control, tax reporting or other requirements which may affect Grantee’s ability acquire or hold PSUs or the Shares or cash received from participating in the Plan (including dividends and the proceeds arising from the sale of the Shares) in a brokerage/bank account outside Grantee’s country. The Applicable Laws of Grantee’s country may require that he or she report such PSUs, Shares, accounts, assets or transactions to the applicable authorities in such country and/or repatriate funds received in connection with the Plan to Grantee’s country within a certain time period or according to certain procedures. Grantee acknowledges that he or she is responsible for ensuring compliance with any applicable requirements and should consult his or her personal legal advisor to ensure compliance with Applicable Laws.

13. Effect of Agreement. Grantee acknowledges receipt of a copy of the Plan and represents that he or she is familiar with the terms and provisions thereof (and has had an opportunity to consult counsel regarding the terms of this Agreement), and hereby accepts this award of PSUs and agrees to be bound by its contractual terms as set forth herein and in the Plan. Grantee hereby agrees to accept as binding, conclusive and final all decisions and interpretations of the Plan Administrator regarding any questions relating to the PSUs.

14. Clawback; Recoupment. By accepting the PSUs and pursuant to Section 9 of the Plan, Grantee acknowledges and agrees that the Company will be entitled, to the extent permitted or required by Applicable Law, Company policy and/or the requirements of a Stock Exchange on which the Shares are listed for trading, in each case, as in effect from time to time, to recoup compensation of whatever kind paid by the Company at any time to Grantee under the Plan; provided, however, that no such recovery of compensation will be an event giving rise to Grantee’s right to resign for “good reason” or “constructive termination” (or similar term) under any agreement between Grantee and the Company.

[Signature Page Follows]

Company:

Affirm Holdings, Inc.

By:

Title:

Grantee:

Name:

Address:

Document

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER

PURSUANT TO EXCHANGE ACT RULES 13a-14(a) AND 15d-14(a), AS ADOPTED

PURSUANT TO SECTION 302

OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Max Levchin, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Affirm Holdings, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a.Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b.Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c.Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d.Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a.All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b.Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.


Date: November 5, 2026						/s/ Max Levchin
						Max Levchin
						Chief Executive Officer
						(Principal Executive Officer)

Document

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER

PURSUANT TO EXCHANGE ACT RULES 13a-14(a) AND 15d-14(a), AS ADOPTED

PURSUANT TO SECTION 302

OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Rob O’Hare, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Affirm Holdings, Inc.;

b.Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.


Date: November 5, 2026						/s/ Rob O’Hare
						Rob O’Hare
						Chief Financial Officer
						(Principal Financial Officer)

Document

EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906

OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the undersigned certifies that this periodic report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and that information contained in this periodic report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the issuer.


Dated: November 5, 2026

						/s/ Max Levchin
						Max Levchin
						Chief Executive Officer
						(Principal Executive Officer)

Document

EXHIBIT 32.2

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906

OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002


Dated: November 5, 2026

						/s/ Rob O’Hare
						Rob O’Hare
						Chief Financial Officer
						(Principal Financial Officer)